| المستخلص: |
There are three specialized banks in Oman. These are Oman bank for agriculture A and fishers, Oman housing bank, and Oman development bank. In addition, there are financial institutions performaing the role of investment banks. The problem of the study in this research can be summarised into two main objectives : to determine the general framework the activities of specialized banks in Oman, and study the contribution of specialized banks to economic development in Oman in the light of financial resources available to such institutions and the credit policies they adpt. The study is divded into seven main chapters after the introduction. It begins with the concept of specialized banks, its nature, motives of evolution, and different sources of their financial resources. Then it presents a general overview of the structure of the banking system and its components : the central bank, commercial banks, and specialized banks. It also determines the general framework of credit policies controlling the activities of specialized banks in the process of economic development in Oman. Then, it analyses the role of specialized banks in economic development in Oman through analysis of the impact of loans granted by Oman bank for agriculture and fisheries on GDP, non-oil GDP, and the product of the agriculture and fisheries sec- tor. Also, analyzed the impact of loans granted by Oman development bank on GDP, non-oil GDP, and the product of the manufacturing sector. Finally, it analyses the impact of loans granted by the Oman housing bank on GDP, non-oil GDP and the product of construction and housing sector. Conclusion of the study reveals that credit policies controlling the activities of the three specialized banks are elastic, where they allow a wide spectrum for work for the run of economic activites and sectors they serve. They allow citizens and organizations large opportunities to utilize banking services that can be presented by specialized banks. However, the limited financial resources did not enable either part to optimally utilize such credit policies. The study also indicated the little contribution of specialized banks to the total banking credit granted to different economic activities. This is true for the three specialized bank totally and individually. In addition, the analysis of regression and correclation between loans granted and GDP, non-oil GDP, and the product of each sector inidcated that such relationships are not significant. Thus, it can be concluded that the contribution of specialized banks of Oman to economic developpment is small. This can be attributed to the little resources available to such banks. This, in turn, lowers the size of loans granted to economic activities and sectors seved by the three specialized banks which amounted to only 427.64 million R.O. during the period from the establishment of such banks to the end of 1994.
|
