المستخلص: |
Hajj is the largest annual mass gathering to Makkah, Saudi Arabia of millions pilgrims from every country. It presents several public health challenges to the health authorities in the country; particularly it poses a potential risk for spread of communicable diseases. At Hajj, pilgrims are expected to have pre-existing health issues and are more vulnerable to diseases because they are mostly elderly people from low income countries. This paper shed light on the risks of the major communicable disease that are associated with Hajj. Also, it reviews the public health control measures that have been put in place by the Saudi Ministry of Health for assessing and mitigating the threat of emerging infectious diseases and global health security threats associated with Hajj on two different occasions: the H1N1 pandemic during the 2009 Hajj season and the meningococcal disease outbreaks in the 2000 and 2001 Hajj seasons. Saudi Arabia has made a significant progress to ensure the health and safety of pilgrims in response to these health risks. Saudi Arabia’s government is at the forefront of expertise in the management of MGs in terms of potential threats and its innovative solutions through decades of planning for the Hajj. As a result, Hajj is a useful model to examine to better understand the importance of preparedness for safe and healthy mass gatherings and strategies that could be adopted by other countries to better prepare for, and respond to, such events.
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