| المستخلص: |
The study of political movements of all kinds is of interest to researchers in the field of history, in light of their significant contribution to the weaving of new events in the history record. Since the movement of the supporters of peace is one of those important movements witnessed by the world in general and Iraq in particular, The movement of supporters of peace in Iraq (1954-1963) will contribute to know the role played by this movement in the history of contemporary Iraq by revealing the conditions that contributed to its establishment, and the impact of the society in different layers and directions, and to know the nature of its work alongside other political parties , And its position on issues Local, Arab and international peace, and the position of the ruling authority. The study was divided into an introduction, four chapters, a conclusion, and a group of supplement. The first chapter is entitled "The Historical Roots of the Establishment of the Movement of Peace Advocates in Ira (1945-1954), in which we discussed the World Peace Movement (1945-1954) and the roots of the pro-peace movement in Iraq until 1954. The second chapter, entitled "The First Founding Conference of the Movement and the Stage of Secret Activity" (1954-July 14, 1954) dealt with the political situation in Iraq prior to the conference and discussed the founding conference of the movement in terms of preparation for holding the conference and its meetings. The persecution of the national movement and its impact on the activity of the movement, as well as severing relations with the Soviets and the declaration of the Baghdad Charter and restricting movement. In the third chapter, which we made under the title of the stage of public activity of the movement July 14, 1958-July 14, 1959, we referred to the position of the movement from the revolution of 14 July 1958, then the national communist struggle and the peace festival in Mosul. The activity of the movement and the Communist aspiration of the government and its repercussions on the movement, where the activity included the convening of the second conference of the movement on April 14, 1959, and the festivals of the movement Peace in Halabja, Hilla and Benghouin as well as the movement's international activity.
The fourth and final chapter was devoted to a statement (the impact of internal conflicts and laws in the activity of the movement July 14, 1959 1963), the most important of which were the events of Kirkuk, July 14, 1959, the assassination attempt on 7 October 1959, The chapter also discussed the Movement's position on international peace issues, the most prominent of which was the position on the French nuclear tests in the Sahara of Algeria and the support of the peace talks between Khrushchev and Ishaeur., And attend a conference Peace in Indonesia and the persecution of prominent international peacekeepers, including the trials of peace supporters in West Germany, the assassination of the President of the Government of the Congo (Patrice Lumumba), the strengthening of the call for disarmament and the end of the movement's activities. The movement of the supporters of peace in Iraq created international conditions that had repercussions in Iraq, in which the voices calling for an end to wars and the need to resolve disputes by peaceful means were part of the world peace movement established by the World Peace Council in Warsaw in November 1950, Peace and supports all peace movements in the world, including the movement of supporters of peace in Iraq. The movement of supporters of peace in Iraq during the era of the royal era to prove its presence at the internal and external levels, at the level of the interior worked to put itself on the political and national issues of the country along with the national movement and opposition parties won the confidence of both, on the external level has worked to send representatives To attend meetings (the World Peace Council) and the rest of the meetings held to support the issues of peace. After establishing its position domestically and internationally, the movement held its first founding conference, which was held on July 15, 1954, in Baghdad under the tight guard of the eyes of the authority, which regarded it as a communist movement working for the then banned Iraqi Communist Party, which fought its activities and persecuted its men throughout the royal era. The date of the end of the monarchy in Iraq on 14 July 1958 was a major turning point in the history of the movement of supporters of peace in Iraq. The movement considered that day a victory for the will of the people and the national forces that formed the movement. As the movement moved from secret to public, so its support came to the revolution of July 14 warmly and in particular, especially that the most prominent elements of the movement who were stripped of Iraqi nationality and others and away from the country has been prepared for them to return, which was the most prominent Aziz Sharif, who returned to the country after the success of the revolution He worked on the establishment of an Peace Council in cooperation with Lawyer Tawfiq Munir and some of the figures. Since then, Aziz Sharif has been secretary general of the movement until the end of its activity on 8 February 1963, the end of the first republican era.
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