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الرئيسية > الخطاب الديني فى العراق القديم...>الوصف

الخطاب الديني فى العراق القديم 3000 - 539 ق.م

العنوان بلغة أخرى: Religious Discourse in the Ancient Iraq (3000-539 B.C)
المؤلف الرئيسي: الشمري، الهام هادي مطلك (مؤلف)
مؤلفين آخرين: الأمير، سعدون عبدالهادي برغش (مشرف)
محكمة: نعم
التاريخ الميلادي: 2017
موقع: الكوت
التاريخ الهجري: 1438
الصفحات: 1 - 313
رقم MD: 1009450
نوع المحتوى: رسائل جامعية
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة العلمية: رسالة ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة واسط
الكلية: كلية التربية
الدولة: العراق
قواعد المعلومات: Dissertations
مواضيع:
الخطاب الديني | المعتقدات الفكرية | التاريخ القديم
رابط المحتوى:
صفحة العنوان     
المستخلص     
قائمة المحتويات     
24 صفحة الأولى     

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المستخلص: The study of religious discourse has attained a prominent role in understanding the thoughts of beliefs of ancient peoples. The effects and impacts of religion could be easily followed in every possible aspect or element of Mesopotamian civilization. In addition to religious myths and epics, prayers and hymns, there is a great deal of murals and wall tablets, full of religious messages, through which religious institutions worked to direct and control human activities for the common good, as it seemed, or to urge people into accepting or refusing a given idea or cause. This study aims to explore the role of religious discourse in Ancient Iraq and its effects on different aspects of life, whether political, economic, or social. Humans have an incessant need for someone to direct them religiously or spiritually, since this aspect is of psychological importance to their religious instinct and of crucial implications on other aspects of their lives. Hence the role of religious discourse in satisfying and enforcing certain beliefs in the Mesopotamian consciousness; constant provision of such ideas and concepts to maintain people’s psychological balance; furnishing justifications for the sacrifices and acts of worship they have to perform; in addition to the arduous and difficult tasks their kingdom or state undertakes, for which they become more accepting when they believe that they were the will of the gods, for which they created them on Earth in the first place. The nature of this study required us to adhere to the descriptive-analytical method throughout its course, as we are restricted to cuneiform texts, pictures and murals as our source material, and studying discourse according to modem methods is wholly dependent on analysis, in order to construe the goals and intentions of the authors. The study was divided into four chapters, with an introduction and conclusions. The first chapter was entitled “Introduction to Religious Discourse,” in which we investigated the concept of discourse, its importance, and the language it employed. The second chapter, which bore the title “Forms of Religious Discourse,” focused on studying the different forms that contained religious messages in Mesopotamia: written-as in myths, epics, prayers, hymns, homilies, and other extant forms of literature-and pictorial—as in drawings, mural tablets, cylinder seals, god figurines, and so on. The third chapter was entitled “The Topics of Religious Discourse” and dealt with political, economic, and social topics, while the fourth chapter handled reciprocated discourse between gods, gods’ discourse with humans, and vice versa.

Throughout our study of religious discourse in Ancient Iraq (3000- 539 BC), we have reached several conclusions. The most important of which was: despite the relative novelty of the term “discourse,” and the studies concerned with it being only few decades old, its provenance and earliest examples are as old as Mesopotamia itself, despite the lack of concern for it as a singular idea. We can grasp this idea thanks to the myriad instances of discourse and edicts issued by people in leadership positions, like statesmen and religious figures in Mesopotamian society. The importance of such idea increases when we note the accuracy and efficacy of such extant speeches on their people, so there had to exist a certain understanding of such idea by those who employed rhetoric, or at least of its importance. Multiple styles were used to introduce and present religious discourse in Ancient Iraq. In addition to discourses chanted in temples or annually reenacted as in the Babylonian creation myth, drawings and mural reliefs on tablets fixed to the walls of temples and palaces played a crucial role in spreading religious messages, in addition to carvings on seals and other related media. Images possessed their clear and distinct religious message, in parallel to the written discourse. The artist employed his artistic style and various capabilities, guided by the trends established by religious and temporal powers, in addition to his heartfelt beliefs, to propagate such ideas through his chosen medium, which could not gain any acceptance if not for its enduring popularity with the audience, which attests to his powers of persuasion and influence. Religious discourse was used in Ancient Iraq as a means of social control and establishing justice, as it included gods whose role was to monitor how kings apply the law and enforce justice. It also worked to provide some sense of legal consciousness, through warning people from the consequences of trespassing on justice or trying to trick the established social system.

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