| المستخلص: |
The Lebanese society has been distinguished by its diverse sects. It is clear that the history of Lebanon is linked to the culture of the sects, whose social and political identity has been defined. The sectarian issue in Lebanon has made the society based on that diversity, which has been reflected in the reality of the Lebanese people and the thinking of its members. As Lebanon has become under the French control, which has further exacerbated that conflict, because the French. Government depends on its survival and the realization of its interests through this. Sectarian conflict interferes So I took all the power to impose its will on the political decision represented by some communities in Lebanon. The Lebanese political system since 1943 is a sectarian system of the first order. The sectarianism intervenes in every big and small in the Lebanese political system. The political parties are sectarian and the constitution is based on sectarian and the three powers. And the president is elected on a sectarian basis, the governments formed on a sectarian basis, as is the case for the parliament that is elected and divided on a sectarian basis. Therefore, sectarianism in Lebanon is aimed at exaggerating it in every direction. The study was divided into an introduction, a preface, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction dealt with the historical composition of the Lebanese communities and their role in politics until 1958. The first chapter highlighted the impact of sectarian diversity on political developments and trends 1958-1964. The third topic dealt with the Lebanese sect's position on the draft amendment of the constitution in 1963. The fourth topic dealt with the sectarian formations In the 1964 parliamentary elections. The second chapter dealt with the role of the sects in the Lebanese political developments from 1964-1970. It divided into three sections dealing with the first topic: the communities and the elections of Charles Helou in 1964. The third topic dealt with the position of the sects from the Palestinian presence in Lebanon 1964-1970. In Lebanese society 1969-1970. The third section highlighted the position of the sects on the Lebanese political developments prior to the civil war, which included four topics. The first topic was entitled The position of the sects regarding the events of March 1970 (fighting between the Lebanese army and the Palestinian resistance). The second section. Explained the repercussions of the economic situation on the Lebanese communities 1970-1972, and the third topic to show the position of the Lebanese communities of the war of October 1973, while the fourth topic discussed the causes and consequences of sectarian tension.
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