| المستخلص: |
This paper discusses a phenomenon of Child labor that remains a global problem of enormous proportions. It is more prevalent in the less developed countries than in the developed ones. The 2016 Global Estimates of Child Labor, Africa has the largest number of child laborers; 72.1 million African children are estimated to be in child labor and 31.5 million in hazardous work. Progress against child labor appears to have stalled in Africa. Child labor went up in Sub-Saharan Africa over the 2012 to 2016 period, in contrast to continued progress elsewhere in the world, and despite the targeted policies implemented by African governments to combat child labor. Scholars and policy-makers have enriched our understanding of this complex social phenomenon by focusing mostly on its determinants and its consequences. and many of studies have found poverty to be the most prominent factor, and child labor has been found to have evolved as a result of need to socialize children for their future occupations, and with regard to the consequences of child labor, considerable number of scholars have noted that child labor practices often have a negative effect children›s health and its education. Child labor is a global issue that exists in both industrialized and developing countries. With the unanimous adoption of International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No. 182 in 1999 calling for the immediate elimination of the worst forms of child labor, ratifying member countries have committed themselves to identifying hazardous work for children in the context of their respective legislative frameworks, and it is important to start with a proper theoretical understanding of the phenomenon.
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