| المستخلص: |
The Rwandan genocide was a milestone in increasing international awareness and academic interest in the transformation of conflict patterns in Africa. The end of the Cold War was a milestone in the transition of the focus of analysis in African conflicts from the state to the level of society and the individual at the theoretical level. It also brought to the surface the problems of colonialism, and the theory of nation-building, and the resulting ethnic and racial conflicts and the difficulties between achieving social and national integration at the level of African reality. Through a major theoretical effort in international relations theory, this article seeks to understand the state of transformation of conflict patterns in Africa by focusing on factors and influences. The study starts from a theoretical problem that manifests itself in the many and varied theoretical approaches that explain the phenomenon of conflict in Africa, a theoretical momentum that tried to study the characteristics and causes of the conflict and conflict phenomenon within the state in Africa as one of the distinctive features that characterized the African state after the Cold War. Within this context, emphasis has been placed on major theories in the field of international relations to explain the phenomenon of African conflicts. The article reviews the transformation of conflict patterns in Africa and argues that conflict in Africa stems from the remnants of colonialism, crises of national governance, and the failure of governments institutions in African countries to mediate conflicts and conflicts, as well as the heterogeneous ethnic composition of African countries, and the sustainability of the fragile economics, ineffective mediation, negative roles of the external factor and third parties in feeding conflict. The article argues that an effective response to African conflicts must begin to understand and address their causes. The article concludes with an analysis of three levels of conflict: state, society, and the individual.
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