| المستخلص: |
Major international powers played a key role in managing the post-Soviet scene in Afghanistan, with the United States, Europe, China and others at the forefront. Perspectives and positions of these major powers continued to determine the course of military operations on Afghan territory and were the main determinant of the preparation of the local or regional environment for the settlement and opened the way for formal negotiations sponsored by the United Nations to reach an agreement that ended the crisis and opened the way for a new phase of conflict. Afghan territory. As these major powers played a key role in managing the crisis of the invasion and reaching a settlement, they did not focus too much on the aftermath of the withdrawal, so that the conflict would continue as a result of the lack of care to arrange the situation after the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, Local and regional interventions. In this section, we can address the positions of the major countries namely the United States, the People's Republic of China, the Western European countries and Japan, from the Afghan crisis after the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, and then the role of these forces in resolving the conflict. Soviet withdrawal. The study aims to analyze the situation of Afghanistan as a small country in the light of what has happened in the international system of transformations, "including those that hit the United States on 11 September 2001. In light of the above, the study aims to: 1. Analysis of the nature and transformations of the international system in the period from 1991 to 2015. 2. Analysis of the pattern of relations between major and minor States. 3. A case study of the relations between the United States and Afghanistan.
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