| المستخلص: |
The first wave of the (recent) public protests broke out on October 1, 2019, stopped on the 9th and resumed on 25th of the same month. They have continued until completing the present study, which discusses the realities, features, participants, causes, demands and objectives of the protests. It also explores the government's responses as well as national and international reactions. It is argued that Iraq is witnessing a fierce battle in several aspects. Due to the politicians‟ failure to run the country's different affairs, solve crises and set public policies to place it within successful states, the country is loaded with issues. Therefore, the demonstrations are huge. The solutions are believed to basically lie in the state institutions, but not in the framework of the parties allied to share the benefits of the authority, by restoring the lost dignity of the civil, political and military establishments. As a first step, a temporary agreement needs to be made between the authorities and the protesters to hand power to a transitional cabinet to prepare for early elections under tough international monitoring. In parallel, the action of the authorities shall be rationalized, by means of enhancing the controlling administrative systems which guarantee integrity and prevent corruption and waste, always setting innovative and vibrant plans to secure permanent public participation and creating partnerships with specialized bodies to decide on different public affairs. Partnership is about decision making and setting public policies, while an authority which is isolated from people would soon perish. It is concluded that the action of the authorities can be rationalized and advanced only through developing the public sphere among relevant segments, in a way that enhances interactive democracy which adopts constructive dialogue for general interests. It is dialogue, through public forums, associations and unions, which would lead to cross-national consensus on true priorities for the public path of the state and society.
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