| المستخلص: |
This project focuses on the Iraqi and Iranian societies and the situation of women (half of the society) in them, and whether women took their role in them. This project focuses on the literary and critical comparative studies point of view. A set of novels was chosen and not other type of art, due to its novel of the breadth and comprehensiveness in the analysis and interpretation in order to clarify the representations of women in the Iraqi and Iranian literatures, and thus in their communities, and as they say literature is a mirror of life. The reason of choose novels not the other type of art was the novel is socially closest to the recipient trends, and impact it, this study deal with a literary theme purely social nature Twenty Iraqi novels and twenty Iranian novels was chosen in this study, the Iranian novels were distributed into two parts: the first ten novels Persian published inside Iran, and the other ten novels published outside of Iran, for multiple reasons due to the fact the political ban by Iranian authorities, Or by publish part of it and cut the other by the Iranians authorities make the authors of those book prefer publish it out side Iran, or due to immigration of the authors themselves which they called "Iranian Diaspora", and they publish their novels to other languages which we could not got the original Parisian text. This study contain introduction and four chapters and Conclusion, the introduction contain identify the main items used in this study under title "the study the language of the origins and definition of comparative studies". The first chapter of this study was the beginning of Iraqi and Iranian novels and women representative. These were in four parts: the women between the novel and society, women and novels, the beginning of Iraqi novels and women and the Iranian novels and women. This chapter was general booting of this study. In the second chapter is devoted to the environmental impact statement in the formation of the woman's personality. These were in four chapters: Preserve the environment, modern environment, the city environment and finally the country environment. The third chapter is devoted to a statement the women's movement between rebellion and submission. In two parts: The formal appearance of the woman's personality and its interaction with the novelist event which contain woman's personality belle / seductress, Scorpio / female / bachelorette, women in love/ lover, raped women/ women abuse sexually, cultured personal / educated, crazy personal, powerful women/ Stakeholder, bride personal / married women, and personal fearful of spinsterhood / researcher for a couple.
Perhaps one of the most important difficulties have been faced in this research was the difficulty in obtaining samples novelist, Iranian trading prohibited inside Iran, and we had to search for them in countries other than Iran, And also involve in the translate Persian texts, which was a new experience in a world that has not seen before by the researcher. We were n’t aware of the mysteries and the meaning rather than translate the txt literary translation, which required a frequently travel to Iran. And ask lot of professors which were specialist in translation which give us text far a way from meaning verbal or virtual meaning, as is the comparative studies of the most important studies on the academic level, This importance comes from it focuses on the different views and contrasting schools converged enrich the content and expand the circle research. As well as the subject of women is one of the most busiest topics for scholars and researchers in the various modern scientific and humanitarian fields, and all this concern is the inevitable result of ill-treatment that I received of women in all parts of the globe. Due to the general view that women are less than a man (incomplete human) therefore she was less rights, so lot of referrals came for fairness and benefit from mental abilities and mental wasted. Every society draws a picture prior mental women circulate them match with the conservative societies on the individual behaviour is consistent with the general behaviour of the rest of the community, which draw a shadow directly on women to be the first victim. The customs and habits very similar between the Iraqi and Iranian communities, both of the societies neighbour geographically and socially, and even tribal, in addition to religious and sectarian symmetry. The Iraqi society tends to tribal rule more than the Iranian society which tends more civil, And that Iranian women more power and less compliant to the man from a group of Iraqi women to the reasons and causes (albeit in different proportions). The women took part in persecution her gender and this was not just on men which any one can notice that in both Iraqi and Iranian societies. This makes the men in both of societies a trustee on women watching and judges her. The blocking women from the most prominent in Iraqi communities and Iranian, this was one of hypothesis in both of the societies since both of the societies expect women fare hopeless even if any men scare they give him women name. The conservative societies puritanical have made it an icon of women's fear and weakness and despair being distinguish between them and is bordered by the institution of social and attack and traditions.
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