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Purpose: The purposes of the study were to assess Jordanian men’s behaviors, intentions, knowledge, and health beliefs regarding prostate cancer screening and to test the psychometric properties of a modified and culturally adapted Arabic version of the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale for Prostate Cancer Screening. Methodology: Convenience sampling method was used to recruit a sample of 432 men whose ages were above 40 years. The sample was collected from five governmental comprehensive public health centers in three major cities. A descriptive correlational design was used in this study. The Champion Revised Health Belief Model Scale was modified in order to fit with prostate cancer screening, then translated to the Arabic language, and adapted to the Jordanian culture. Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics were used to examine the demographic variables, health beliefs, intentions, and behaviors regarding prostate cancer screening. Also, analysis included estimation of content validity indices, internal consistency, construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity using bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analysis. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded seven significant factors. All items on each factor were from the same construct and the total explained variance by all factors together was 68.9 %. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the 42-items of CHBM-PCS fits the data significantly and supports the original scale structure. The estimated content validity indices were above 0.83 for items and scale. Cronbach’s α coefficient of the subscales ranged from 0.83 to 0.92. Only 13.6% of participants had participated in prostate cancer screening activities. Family history, presence of urinary symptoms, age, and knowledge about prostate cancer significantly predicted the intention and performance of screening behaviors. Perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits of PSA, perceived barriers to PSA, and health motivation significantly predicted both intention and screening behaviors. Conclusion: The study provides satisfactory evidence of reliability, content, construct, and predictive validity of CHBMS-PCS when used with Jordanian men. It can be used to evaluate Jordanian men’s beliefs about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening. Additionally, this study provides a preliminary understanding of the factors that influence the intention and screening behaviors for Jordanian men.
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