المستخلص: |
Wheat is the most important and widely adapted food cereal in Egypt. The current investigation was carried out in the research Farm of faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University. Ten wheat genotypes were used to study the phenotypic and genotypic variability in the winter season of 2019/2020 under normal irrigation and late drought stress. All studied traits showed highly significant differences between genotypes under both of environments as well as the combined data. Highly genotypic and phenotypic correlation (0.86 and 0.89) found between No. of grain/spike and grain weight/pike under normal irrigation. The grain yield/fed associated positively with NGS and SGW (0.35 and 0.38) and negatively with SL (-0.63) as phenotypic. Meanwhile GYF correlated positively with SGW (0.43) as genotypic correlation. On the other hand, the correlation coefficients of GYF were (0.628, 0.352 and 0.380) and (0.387, 0.825 and 0.624) for NGS, SGW and TKW via phenotypic and genotypic respectively. The phenotypic parameters were higher than the genotypic for GYF, NGS, SGW and TKW under a non-stress environment. In contrast, the phenotypic and genotypic variances were close together under drought stress. Moreover the higher heritability in broad sense was found under drought stress conditions of targeted traits such as GYF, SL, NS, SGW and TKW. That means, the wide genetic pool in the current plant material was powerful tools for wheat improvement under drought stress. The most important of the genotypic and phenotypic parameters of the studied genotypes were mostly higher efficiently for wheat breeding programs under drought stress.
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