المستخلص: |
Text and discourse are two terms that are commonly used in linguistics, literature, and language studies. There are many debates about the interchangeability of these two terms. Some linguistics view text and discourse analysis as the same process whereas some others use these two terms to define different concepts. Text can refer to any written material that can be read. Discourse is the use of language in a social context. This study aims at showing the nature of reference in text and discourse, it gives account of cohesion and coherence, clarifies the relation between reference and cohesion and showing how reference can make the discourses of Wuthering Heights as cohesive. This study hypothesized the most discourses are cohesive and reference is considered one form of cohesion. The study is limited to deal with some selected discourses of Wuthering Heights novel. The procedure of this study is: firstly, giving a distinction about text and discourse secondly, explaining the meaning of reference, deictic expressions, cohesion and coherence thirdly, identifying the types of deixis.
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