| المستخلص: |
خلصت الدراسة إلى أن معدل كميات المدخلات الزراعية خاصة عدد الريات وكمية السماد أقل من الكمية الموصي بها وذلك لعدة أسباب منها ارتفاع أسعارها وأحيانا عدم توفرها وغياب دور الإرشاد الزراعي وأحيانا لطبيعة المزارع المتجنبة للمخاطرة. كما توصلت الدراسة الى أن الأرض والعمالة ورأس المال يتم استخدامها بصورة تنقصها الكفاءة بدرجات متفاوتة بين الأنماط الزراعية المختلفة في المحلية فالأرض ورأس المال كان استخدامها أفضل في المشاريع النيلية أما العمالة فكان توظيفها أفضل في مشاريع التوسع.
Dongola locality was selected as the site of the study to represent the Northern State because it has a high potential for wheat production in the State. The sample of the study was stratified on the basis of type of schemes in the locality into four strata (Matarat, Nile private schemes, Cooperatives and Expansion schemes). One hundred farmers were interviewed, data on the socio-economic variables, yields, costs of production, prices etc… were collected at the end of the 2011/2012 season. The analytical tools that were used for this include descriptive statistics, production function and resource use efficiency for comparison of resources used between the different types of schemes. The main objective of the study was to find out the main socio-economic factors constraining wheat production and comparing the efficiency of resources utilization among different types of schemes. The results revealed that, the rate of different inputs (basically irrigation and fertilizer) applied to wheat were quite low relative to the recommended level due to inability to buy them and sometimes their unavailability. In addition to lack of extension programs and the risk-adverse nature of farmers. Land, labour and capital were used inefficiently at varying degrees among the four types of schemes. Nile private schemes utilized land and capital more efficiently, while Expansion schemes utilized labour more efficiently.
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