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|b The Present study was conducted in the Dinder National Park (D.N.P), during early and late dry seasons (2018-2019). Three meadows of the Park (RasAmir, Abdelgani and Einalshams) were chosen to conduct the study. The mean flock size, numbers of male, female, adult and young ostriches, as well as time consumed in grazing, drinking and rest were determined. The research methods included an informal questionnaire and direct observation of the bird at the meadows / mayas twice daily (morning and evening) at each meadow, for 10-15 days in early and late dry season. Data collected form observation was subjected to tabular statistical procedure (mean, min-max). The highest grazing time (hr) in the morning rearing period (early dry season) was registered for Maya 'Abdelgani (3.90 hr), followed by RasAmir and Einalshams (3.10) and (2.71 hr) respectively. Mean of the total for grazing was (3.30 hr).
|b The highest mean drinking time was at Abdelgani (49.00 min), which was higher than mean of the total, where as the largest flock size for morning rearing period in the early dry season was recorded for RasAmir (30.50 min), as well as the highest male: female ratio. In the evening rearing period of the early dry season, the mean grazing time was, more or less, similar as 1, 86, 1, 87, 1.50 (hr) for RasAmir, Abdelgani and Einalshams, respectively. The drinking time (min) in the evening period of early dry season was the highest at Einalshams (29.30 min). Rest time (min) recorded the highest value at Abdelgani (13, 00) min. In the evening period of early dry season, the highest flock size was at RasAmir with a mean of (23, 40) which is higher than flock size (18.87). In this part of the dry season, the lowest mean flock size was registered for Einalshams for (13, 50). Mean number of young was not detected for maya RasAmir in the evening rearing period but it was higher for Einalshams compared with Abdelgani. Males: Female's ratio was about 2: 1 for three Mayas. In the morning rearing period of late dry season, the grazing time was 3.47 and 1.73min for RasAmir and Abdelgani respectively, while mean value of the total was (2.31). In this part of the study, mean flock size was not detected for Einalshams. The drinking time (min) was 112.00 in RasAmir compared to (65.17) for Abdelgani, while it is no detected for Einalshams. Rest time (min) was not detected for Einalshams and registered values for RasAmir and Abdelgani were 53, 40 and 24.88, respectively. Number of different sexes, in the morning of total dry season gave values of flock size, young, male and female (28.07, 9.00, 9.67 and 18.40) Vs.11.43, 5.25, 4.72 and 7.20 for RasAmir and Abdelgani, respectively. Values for these parameters were not detected for Einalshams. Grazing time (hr), drinking time (min), and rest time (min) were not detected for maya Abdelgani and Einalshamsin evening rearing period of late dry season. The mean values were 1.27(hr), 108 (min) and 10.50 (min) in RasAmir for grazing time, drinking time and rest time, respectively. The numbers of different sexes were not detected for Abdelgani and Einalshams in the evening rearing period in late dry season. The registered mean values at RasAmir were (27.70, 8.60, 9.80 and 17.27) for flock size, young, males, and females respectively. From the present study it was concluded that the Mayas constitute the major source of water and forage for ostrich is DNP in the dry season. It is clear that the ostrich is territorial in habits. Some of the Mayas can not provides rearing conditions for the ostrich in the whole dry season, especially in late dry season. Human disturbance and fish anglers form in convenience of ostrich flocks.
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