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الرئيسية > Les Fondements Théoriques de L...>الوصف

Les Fondements Théoriques de L’innovation

العنوان بلغة أخرى: The Theoretical Foundations of Innovation
الأسس النظرية للإبتكار
المصدر: مجلة البحوث الإدارية والاقتصادية
الناشر: جامعة محمد بوضياف المسيلة - كلية العلوم الاقتصادية والتجارية وعلوم التسيير
المؤلف الرئيسي: Amghar, Meryem (Author)
مؤلفين آخرين: Kazi Tani, Amel Hassaine (Co-Author)
المجلد/العدد: ع3
محكمة: نعم
الدولة: الجزائر
التاريخ الميلادي: 2018
الشهر: جوان
الصفحات: 248 - 260
ISSN: 2571-9750
رقم MD: 1313011
نوع المحتوى: بحوث ومقالات
اللغة: الفرنسية
قواعد المعلومات: EcoLink
مواضيع:
السياسة الإقتصادية | النظرية الإقتصادية | نظرية الإبتكار | مستخلصات الأبحاث
كلمات المؤلف المفتاحية:
Lnnovation | Types of Lnnovation | the six Processes
رابط المحتوى:
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المستخلص: The globalization, the opening of new markets and the economic growth are leading to an increased competition, placing innovation at the heart of any company's survival, by enabling solutions which are relevant to the dynamic and changing economic environment. The innovation also allows the organization to differentiate its products from those of its competitors, and to benefit from a temporary monopoly product or process. In our research work, we have focused on the theoretical foundations of innovation including its definition. Moreover, in the sense of J- Schumpeter, the concept of innovation can underlie several meanings such as making a new product, introducing a new production method, using a new source of raw materials, creating a new organizational structure or opening a new market. The concept of innovation has been reviewed and defined by several authors. It is generally considered to be a concrete process which is planned, adapting to meet the market needs and is carried out by the different parties involved. As a result, there has been considerable evolution of the process of innovation in recent years, starting from the first model created to explain the innovation process using a Push Science approach, developed by Joseph Schumpeter in 1942, where the innovation is triggered by scientific discovery, through invention, engineering and manufacturing activities and ends with commercialization of the product or process. The second demand-pull linear model developed by Jacob Schmookler in 1966, suggests that the innovation is driven by a demand or by identifying a given need. Then, in the 1980s, more interactive models have been developed so that, in the 1990s, other approaches have emerged representing more complex views of the innovation processes. The third Coupling model proposed by Rothwell and Zegveld in 1985 was elaborated in order to combine the "Science Push" and "Demand Pull" models. It highlights the interaction between the market, the technology and the organization, and outlines the link of the rebound between the R&D related activities and the market. Moreover, Kline and Rosenberg (1986) have developed the 4th model known as Chain Linked Model. It points to the fact that there is no single key path activity in the innovation process. Later, the 5th model so-called “Systems Intergration and Networking” was proposed by Rothwell in the nineties and will last until the 2000s, a period characterized by further innovation race comparing to the other periods. This model is based on a strategy that supports the integration between different organizations inside and outside the firm, and highlights the impact of various elements (technological, electronic and computational elements, and information technology) on the innovation process. Furthermore, in the 2000s, the Open Innovation model of Chesbrough et al. (2006) appears as the process of the 6th generation. In fact, this model represented a break with the vertical integration one (the 1st generation technology-push model), as the authors describe the open innovation as the use of both internal (those of the firm) and external ideas (from the external environment). Our paper aims at providing a comprehensive, even non-exhaustive, overview of these six generations of innovation models in order to outlined the key features that characterized the evolution of the innovation process conceptualization.

La globalisation des marchés, la croissance économique rend la concurrence de plus en plus accrue, ce qui contribue à renforcer la place de l’innovation dans la stratégie de l’entreprise. Aujourd’hui l’innovation est considérée comme le facteur clé de la dynamique et la survie de l’organisation afin de pouvoir se positionner dans son environnement. D’ailleurs, l’innovation a connu plusieurs définitions c’est dernières années, elle est considéré comme un processus concret qui se planifie s’adapte aux besoins du marché et se réalisé par différents acteurs. L’objectif de cet article et de se familiariser avec la théorie de l’innovation, en commençant tout d’abord par donner quelques notions de ce que l’innovation, puis nous avons résumer les types de l’innovation dans tableau, puis nous nous sommes passés aux fondements théoriques de celle-ci, en analysant chaque modèle avec ses options et ses objectifs. De ce fait nous avons analysé chaque modèle à part, afin de pouvoir déterminer théoriquement le rôle et le but des processus de l’innovation, ainsi que l’enchainement et le développement qu’a connu l’innovation par ses différents modèles. Nous sommes conscients que la littérature sur l’innovation est très vaste, et ce que nous venons d’évoquer ne constitue qu’une partie infime. Cependant, en s’appuyant sur la revue de la littérature et les différents travaux réalisés ces dernières années nous sommes arrivés à comprendre que l’innovation est un processus concret qui se planifie s’adapte aux besoins du marché et se réalise par différents acteurs, etqu’elle est considéré comme le moyen le plus adéquat pour atteindre les objectifs stratégiques et améliorer la compétitivité de l’organisation en créant de la valeur.
ISSN: 2571-9750

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