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This study aims to explore the themes of absurdity and social alienation in Franz Kafka's works by examining their connection to individual identity, isolation, and their cultural and social significance in contemporary societies. Additionally, it seeks to understand the social shock that these works can induce in readers by utilizing the analytical approach and drawing upon the theories of Freud and Camus. The primary research question revolves around how Kafka embodies the concepts of absurdity and social alienation in his works. The research concludes that Franz Kafka's works primarily delve into the concepts of absurdity and social alienation. These concepts manifest in several characteristics within his novels, reflecting the individual's sense of isolation and solitude in a mysterious and convoluted world. The main characters often find themselves trapped within themselves or in an environment that appears incomprehensible, showcasing the absurdity of the individual's experience. Kafka also extensively addresses the themes of bureaucracy, enigmatic laws, and irrational procedures. The characters face challenges in attempting to understand or comply with these laws, portraying the bureaucratic system as arbitrary and inhumane. Moreover, the concept of absurdity can also be seen in the characters' failure to effectively communicate with others, with dialogues often filled with misunderstandings and misinterpretations, leading to their isolation. Additionally, Kafka describes strange and unexpected transformations in the main characters, reflecting the instability and uncertainty of human existence and the world. Kafka also leaves many mysteries unresolved in his works, which can create a shock for readers accustomed to literature with clear and definitive endings. Kafka employs the concepts of absurdity and social alienation as literary tools to understand the impact of bureaucracy, isolation, and individual identity in a complex and ever changing world.
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