| المستخلص: |
The nature of the research necessitated its division into an introduction, a preface, two sections, and a conclusion. The introduction highlights the importance of the topic, the reason for its selection, the research plan, and the methodology. The preface defines testimony, explains its legal ruling, its legitimacy, and the conditions for a witness. Section One: Defines the command (amr) and explains its various forms, including those abstracted from context, consisting of three demands: 1. The first demand defines the command linguistically and terminologically. 2. The second demand covers the explicit and implicit forms of the command. 3. The third demand examines the opinions of jurists regarding the abstract command detached from context. Section Two: Explores the implications of the command to bear witness as found in the Quran. It includes six demands: 1. The first demand discusses the implications of the command in the verse: "And take the testimony of two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses- so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her. " 2. The second demand explores the implications of the command in the verse: "And take witnesses when you conclude a contract." 3. The third demand delves into the implications of the command in the verse: "So when you give your private loans, those who [receive] will preside over them. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses- so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her." 4. The fourth demand examines the implications of the command in the verse: "And bring against them four [witnesses] from among you." 5. The fifth demand discusses the implications of the command in the verse: "O you who have believed, when death approaches one of you, while he is in a state of writing a will, it is [a duty] for two of you who are just to testify [as witnesses]." 6. The sixth demand explores the implications of the command in the verse: "And take for witness two just men from among you." The conclusion summarizes the research findings and provides recommendations. And Allah, the Most High, knows best.
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