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The science of Islamic law, is one of the most honorable sciences because it is the path that leads to the Oneness of God Almighty, as Imam Ibn Abi Al-Izz Al-Hanafi said: “The mercy of the Mighty, the Most Merciful required that He send Messengers making known to Him, calling to Him, giving good tidings to those who answered them, and warning those who disobeyed them, and He made the key to their call, and the butter.” Their message is to know the Deity, Glory be to Him, by His names, attributes, and actions, because on this knowledge the demands of the entire message are built, from beginning to end. Then follow two great principles: One of them: defining the path that leads to it, which is its law that includes its commands and prohibitions. The second: making those on the path aware of what they will have of eternal bliss after reaching it” [Sharh al-Tahawiyyah 1/ 19))[Knowledge of Sharia is the only path that leads to God Almighty, and no one can reach God Almighty other than His Sharia, which was made clear by the Prophet. And everyone who dispenses with the knowledge of Sharia law has clearly gone astray, and most of the people of this nation have gone astray. As for their neglect of what the Messenger brought? Or because he was unable to consider and infer what the Prophet brought. ?Those who dispense with Sharia law are three people: The first: Whoever opposes Sharia law with philosophy and ignorant matters he calls rationalities. The second: Whoever opposes Sharia law with politics because it disturbs his rest and deprives him of his desires, then he turns to the sources of Sharia law. The third: Whoever opposes Sharia law based on taste and what he sees as good, even if he opposes the texts of the Qur’an and Sunnah.Imam Ibn Al-Mubarak collected this in great verses of poetry when he said: I have seen sins kill hearts... and humiliation may cause addiction to them And abandoning sins is the life of hearts...and it is better for yourself to disobey them Has anyone corrupted the religion except kings... and evil priests and their monks? The sultans and their scholars are more corrupt for the religion than others, as Abdullah bin Al-Mubarak and other predecessors said:
“There are two types of people: if they are righteous, the people are righteous, and if they are corrupt, the people are corrupt. It was said: Who are they? He said: The kings and the scholars.” [I’lam al-Muqa’in by Ibn al-Qayyim 1/ 10]))One of the most important branches of this science is the science of jurisprudence, which is known for deducing rulings, and deducing depends on knowing many things, including (absolute and restricted knowledge); There is no escape from clarifying their concept, language, terminology, and ruling, and clarifying the relationship between them, especially if there is a convergence between the two words in the ruling, or in its reason, or in both. There is an urgent need to know the legal ruling from the text. Since the rulings include the absolute and the restricted, is the absolute applicable to the restricted, and the person responsible is removed from the covenant, or is it not applicable. ?Therefore, this brief study of the absolute and the restricted came through the following plan: The first section is the definition of the absolute and the restricted and their ruling, and I made it based on four requirements, which are: The first requirement is the definition of the absolute, the third requirement is the concept of the restricted, and the fourth requirement is the absolute rule. The second topic I called applying the absolute to the restricted, and made it based on four requirements as well, which are: The first requirement is the presumption linguistically and terminologically, and the second requirement is the opinions of the fundamentalists regarding the presumption of the absolute over the restricted The third requirement is the conditions for applying the absolute to the restricted, and the fourth requirement is the conditions for applying the absolute to the restricted.
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