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الرئيسية > An Economic Study of Egypt’s A...>الوصف

An Economic Study of Egypt’s Agricultural Trade in the Context of Nile Basin’s Initiative

العنوان بلغة أخرى: دراسة اقتصادية لتجارة مصر الزراعية في ضوء مبادرة دول حوض النيل
المصدر: المجلة المصرية للإقتصاد الزراعي
الناشر: الجمعية المصرية للإقتصاد الزراعي
المؤلف الرئيسي: محمد، عصام محمد زكي (مؤلف)
المؤلف الرئيسي (الإنجليزية): Zaki, Esam Mohammed
المجلد/العدد: مج28, ع2
محكمة: نعم
الدولة: مصر
التاريخ الميلادي: 2018
الشهر: يونيو
الصفحات: 785 - 806
ISSN: 1110-6832
رقم MD: 1474391
نوع المحتوى: بحوث ومقالات
اللغة: الإنجليزية
قواعد المعلومات: EcoLink
مواضيع:
الاقتصاد الزراعي | التجارة الخارجية | الصادرات الزراعية | مصر
رابط المحتوى:
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المستخلص: Recently, interest in enhancing trade relations between Egypt and African countries has been renewed, besides upgrading economic cooperation mechanisms between both parties. Such orientation has been reflected in the Government of Egypt's tendency towards developing perceptions and coordinating efforts in this direction, especially in light of contemporary local, regional and global changes, which have necessitated the pursuit of closer trade between Egypt and countries of the African continent in general, and Nile Basin countries in particular, an issue of strategic importance to Egypt’s national water security system that calls for dealing with these countries in the framework of a comprehensive strategic perception that depends on linking the common interests of the Nile Basin countries together, either in the form of bilateral or multilateral agreements, such as the Nile Basin Initiative, which was signed by the ten Nile Basin countries in February 1999. And despite the large number of countries that joined the Nile Basin Initiative and the numerous products and commodities these countries produce, whether raw, intermediate, or even final, reality shows that trade between Egypt and Nile Basin countries is still weak. The main objective this research aimed to achieve is to study evolution in total and agricultural trade between Egypt and Nile Basin Countries, geographic distribution and commodity concentration of traded goods, to measure the degree of similarity and compatibility between Egypt and Nile Basin countries’ export structure, and to measure Nile Basin countries markets' competence to absorb Egyptian exports. Main findings indicate the following: -Relative importance of the value of Egypt's total trade with Nile Basin countries over the period 1994 -2016 has been increasing at an annual rate of 3.27%. -Relative importance of the value of Egypt's total exports to Nile Basin countries over the period 1994 -2016 has been increasing at an annual rate of 8.3%. -Relative importance of the value of Egypt's agricultural trade with Nile Basin countries to the total value of Egypt's agricultural trade over the period 1994 -2016 has been growing at an annual rate of 1.72%. -Relative importance of the value of Egypt's agricultural exports to Nile Basin countries over the study period 1994 -2016 has been increasing trend at an annual rate of 11.63%.

Geographic distribution of Egypt's agricultural exports to Nile Basin countries revealed that Sudan, Kenya and Eretria absorb 51.7%, 22.7% and 9.02% of Egypt's agricultural exports to Nile Basin countries, respectively. Gini Hirschman indicator reached 57.6, indicating that Egypt's agricultural exports to Nile Basin countries is concentrated in a limited number of countries. -Geographic distribution of Egypt's agricultural imports from Nile Basin countries revealed that Kenya, Sudan and Ethiopia are the major three countries from which Egypt imports agricultural products, with shares amounting to 81.8%, 8.8% and 6.5% of Egypt's total agricultural imports from Nile Basin countries, respectively. Gini Hirschman indicator reached 82.5, indicating that Egypt's agricultural imports from Nile Basin countries is concentrated in a limited number of countries. -Concentration of Egyptian Exports to Nile Basin Countries revealed that Sudan and Kenya are the main importers of Egyptian exports of (sugar and sugar confectionary, fruits and edible fruits, miscellaneous food preparations, vegetables and fruits preparations and parts); whereas Eritrea is the main importer of (plant and animal greases, fats, oils and waxes, milling products, malt and starches Grain, flour and starch preparations). -As for imports from Nile Basin countries, Kenya is the main country from which Egypt imports tea, coffee and tobacco; Sudan and Ethiopia are the two main countries from which Egypt imports live animals and oilseeds; and finally, Sudan is the main country from which Egypt imports cotton. -Export similarity index for agricultural commodities traded between Egypt and Nile Basin countries reached 18.63%, indicating that the structure of exports between the two parties is more integrated. On the other hand, the index showed high values regarding exports between Egypt and each of Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, indicating that the structure of exports between Egypt and each of the mentioned countries is more competitive, thus scope for trade creation is wide. -Trade compatibility index showed a high value for exports agricultural commodities and products traded between Egypt and Nile basin countries over the period 2008 -2016 (sugar; fruits; plant and animal greases, fats, oils and waxes; gum and varnishes and vegetable extracts; vegetables and fruits preparations and parts; grinder Products, and grain starch; grain, flour and starch preparations) than Egyptian imports of the same commodities, indicating transformation of trade in Egyptian agricultural commodities at the account of agricultural commodities and products Nile Basin countries import from other countries to a degree higher than substituting agricultural commodities and products from Nile Basin countries by those imported by Egypt from other countries. -There exists a notable improve in Nile Basin countries markets' competence to absorb Egyptian exports, total or agricultural, where Compassing Competence index amounted to 71.14% and 55.15%, respectively.

In the light of the achieved results, the research offers the following recommendations: -Egyptian Commercial Representation Offices in Nile Basin countries should devote more attention to providing promising investment opportunities and logistics database to serve the purpose of trade exchange. -Devoting high attention to introducing Egyptian agricultural commodities to Nile Basin countries with which trade exchange with Egypt is low, like Congo, Ruanda and Burundi, in addition to establishing joint agricultural projects to activate trade exchange between both parties. -Singing mutual preferential agreements between Egypt and each of the member countries in the Nile Basin agreement to activate trade exchange between the two parties. -Devoting high attention to increasing geographic and commodity concentration in both directions, Egyptian and African, with special focus on Ethiopia, Tanzania, Ruanda and Burundi. -Devoting high attention to the development of production systems in Egypt to produce value-added and diversified products for the invasion of African markets with a focus on deep-industry products, including agro-processing of all kinds, types and commodities, which leads to the expansion of the market and increase trade returns.
ISSN: 1110-6832

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