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دراسة اقتصادية تحليلية لإنتاج محصول الموز في محافظة سوهاج

العنوان بلغة أخرى: Analytical Economic Study of Banana Crop Production in Sohag Governorate
المصدر: المجلة المصرية للإقتصاد الزراعي
الناشر: الجمعية المصرية للإقتصاد الزراعي
المؤلف الرئيسي: السنوسي، حاتم محمود (مؤلف)
المؤلف الرئيسي (الإنجليزية): El-Sanosy, Hatem Mahmoud
المجلد/العدد: مج31, ع1
محكمة: نعم
الدولة: مصر
التاريخ الميلادي: 2021
الشهر: مارس
الصفحات: 137 - 156
ISSN: 1110-6832
رقم MD: 1484221
نوع المحتوى: بحوث ومقالات
اللغة: العربية
قواعد المعلومات: EcoLink
مواضيع:
الإنتاج الزراعي | محصول الموز | مدينة سوهاج | مصر
كلمات المؤلف المفتاحية:
دالة الإنتاج | التكاليف الفدانية | الإيراد الفداني | الكفاءة الاقتصادية | Production Function | Feddan Costs | Feddan Revenue | Economic Efficiency
رابط المحتوى:
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المستخلص: يعتبر الموز من أهم محاصيل الفاكهة الاستوائية في جميع أنحاء العالم ويحتل الموز مركزا كبيرا في التجارة العالمية حيث يؤدى دورا هاما في اقتصاد كثير من الدول بالإضافة إلى قيمته الغذائية العالية وإقبال المستهلك عليه أكثر من باقي الفاكهة وتتمثل مشكلة البحث في أنه على الرغم من الاهتمام المتزايد من قبل الدولة وزيادة حجم الاستثمارات في مجال الفاكهة بصفة عامة. ومحصول الموز بصفة خاصة وزيادة الطلب على الموز لارتفاع قيمته الغذائية والطبية إلا أن المساحة المزروعة من محصول الموز اتسمت بالثبات النسبي أو أن المساحة المزروعة منه لا تتناسب مع حجم الطلب على ذلك المحصول ونتيجة لما سبق فقد استهدف البحث دراسة التطورات الحادثة في الطاقة الإنتاجية والتكاليف الفدانية، وأهم بنود التكاليف لمحصول الموز وكذلك دراسة تطور الأسعار المزرعية ودراسة اكثر المتغيرات تأثيرا في استجابة الزراع لزراعة هذا المحصول ودراسة دوال الإنتاج والتكاليف وتقدير صافي العائد من الفدان لهذا المحصول في محافظة سوهاج خلال الفترة (۲۰۱۱- ۲۰۲۰)، ومن نتائج تحليل النموذج اللوغاريتمي المتدرج يتبين أن أكثر العوامل تأثيرا إيجابيا على متوسط الإنتاج المزرعي لمحصول الموز هي كل من كمية السماد الآزوتي وكمية السماد الفوسفاتي وكمية السماد البلدي وقد أوصت الدراسة توفير مستلزمات الإنتاج عموما بالأسعار المناسبة، وخاصة الأسمدة الكيماوية والمبيدات المستخدمة في إنتاج محصول الموز، وكذلك منع الاحتكار في سوق الأسمدة والمبيدات، عن طريق تسهيل وتشجيع وكلاء هذه المستلزمات، إتباع التوصيات الفنية المتعلقة بزراعة الأصناف الحديثة، ميكنة العمليات الزراعية للتقليل من التكاليف، العمل على توافر ثلاجات في أماكن زراعات الموز.

Bananas are considered one of the most important tropical fruits crops in all parts of the world. Bananas occupy a major position in global trade. as they play an important role in the economy of many countries in addition to their high nutritional value and consumer demand for them more than other fruits because of their sweet taste and distinctive flavor of bananas. As for the rest of the other fruit. due to its availability in the market throughout the year. in addition to its ability to transport. trade and store. By estimating the general time trend equation for the area planted with the banana crop in Sohag Governorate during that period. it becomes clear that the area planted with the banana crop increased by a statistically significant annual amount of about 103.29 acres. It fluctuates between increase and decrease. The general average productivity of the banana crop during that period reached about 20.02 tons per feddan. By studying the development of the total production of the banana crop in Sohag Governorate during the same period during the same period. the general average of the total production of the banana crop during that period was about 49 102.55 tons. From the results of the analysis of the logarithmic gradient model. it becomes evident that the most positive factors affecting the average agricultural production of banana crop are the amount of nitrogen fertilizer "Q3" the amount of phosphate fertilizer "Q4" the amount of municipal fertilizer "Q6". and by increasing each of the three aforementioned variables by 1%. Separately) the average farm production will increase by 0.576%. 0.186% and 0.223%. respectively. By studying the economic indicators of the banana crop in Sohag Governorate during the study period. It was found that the average farm price of the banana crop in Sohag governorate amounted to about 3458.39 pounds per ton during the study period. as well as the total revenue per acre of the banana crop amounted to about 61914.12 pounds per acre during the study period and that the average costs The total yield of bananas in Sohag governorate amounted to 37453.06 pounds per acre and the average net return per feddan of the banana crop in Sohag governorate was about 29341.53 pounds per acre. as well as the average net return on the invested pound for banana crop in Sohag governorate amounted to about 0.81 pounds during the study period. It was possible to estimate the amount of the product that works to reduce the production costs of the banana crop in Sohag Governorate during the study period. which was estimated at about 19.83 tons per acre. and it was achieved by some farmers and it was not achieved by others. and the average production that maximizes profit was estimated at about 23.02 Tons per acre and this amount was not achieved by any of the farmers. and the elasticity of production costs for those years for banana harvest during the study period was about 0.75. meaning that there are diminishing returns to capacity. which confirms that production takes place in the non-economic stage of the law of diminishing returns.

Economic criteria and indicators were studied to identify the extent to which the economic efficiency of the resources used in the production of the banana crop in Sohag Governorate was achieved during the period (2018-2020) such as: net per feddan return. percentage of profit. profit of the pound spent. average cost of producing a ton of crop. net return The produced ton. the total margin (marginal surplus). the total margin is attributed to some productive inputs such as: human labor costs. machine labor costs. farm labor costs as a whole. chemical fertilizer costs. pesticide costs used. and finally to variable costs. The light was shed on the farmers ’opinions and trends about the most important problems facing banana growers in Sohag Governorate during the 2019/2020 agricultural season. The results of the analysis in this case and the comparison of the rankings of the production problems of the banana crop in Sohag Governorate showed that the problem of high fertilizer was one of the most important problems. Facing banana growers in Sohag governorate. followed by the problem of high human labor wages. Recommendations: * Providing production requirements in general at reasonable prices. especially the chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in the production of the banana crop. as well as preventing monopoly in the fertilizer and pesticide market. by facilitating and encouraging the agents of these requirements. * Follow the technical recommendations related to the cultivation of modern varieties. * Automating agricultural operations to reduce costs. * Work on the availability of refrigerators in the places of banana cultivation. Paying attention to the extension programs and seminars related to banana cultivation. with the aim of raising the efficiency of the productive resources used in planting the crop. * Work to reach the use of the optimal combination of production components. and work to increase the exported quantities of fruits and not only export the surplus of domestic consumption. and focus on production for export. * Paying attention to the various marketing services in order to ensure that the required export specifications are met. and the necessity to link production with export. in order to improve its competitive position in foreign markets. * The use of modern irrigation methods through the work of irrigation networks in order to save the quantities of wasted water for this crop.
ISSN: 1110-6832

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