المستخلص: |
The International Criminal Court (ICC) plays a pivotal role in ensuring the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms globally. Its jurisdiction, as defined by Article 5 of the Rome Statute, extends to specific crimes of concern, such as genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression. The ICC's framework emphasizes two key principles: delivering international criminal justice and complementing national legal systems through its principle of complementarity. This ensures that while the ICC intervenes in cases where national courts are unwilling or unable to act, it does not override national sovereignty. This paper examines the three central jurisdictional dimensions: ratione personae, addressing who can be held accountable; ratione materiae, concerning the types of crimes within the Court’s scope; and ratione temporis, which refers to the time frame during which these crimes must have occurred. The analysis will underscore the significance of these principles in realizing the ICC’s mandate.
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