المستخلص: |
The Hajj pilgrimage, one of the largest annual gatherings in the world, presents unique medical challenges due to the convergence of millions of individuals from diverse geographical and cultural backgrounds. This study aims to identify the most prevalent diseases and health disorders encountered during the Hajj season, highlighting the risks posed by overcrowding, environmental conditions, and the physical demands of the pilgrimage. Key findings indicate that respiratory infections, including upper and lower tract infections, are among the most common health issues, exacerbated by close contact among pilgrims. Heat-related disorders, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, are prevalent due to extreme temperatures, particularly affecting vulnerable populations. Gastrointestinal disorders, primarily from foodborne illnesses and traveler’s diarrhea, also pose significant health risks. Additionally, chronic disease exacerbation, infectious disease outbreaks, injuries from falls and stampedes, dermatological issues, and psychological stress further complicate the health landscape during Hajj. The results underscore the importance of implementing effective public health measures, including vaccination programs, hygiene education, and mental health support, to enhance the safety and well-being of pilgrims. This survey provides valuable insights for health authorities and organizers to improve preparedness and response strategies for future Hajj seasons.
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