| المستخلص: |
The main findings of the study are: 1. In spite of the increase in the average expenditure of the household expenditure in urban and rural areas during the period 1999-2005 at current prices, the average expenditure of the household expenditure at fixed prices decreased during this period by 14.3% in urban areas against 9.3% in rural areas. In part, this decrease is due to the decrease in the average household size (from 4.4 to 4.1 persons in urban and from 5.2 to 4.7 persons in rural). 2. In urban, the average expenditure per person decreased from LE. 2723 in 1999/2000 to LE 2511 in 2004/2005 at constant prices of 1999/2000, a percent of decrease is 7.8% during this period. In rural the average expenditure per person increased from LE1437 in 1999/2000 to LE 1486 in 2004/2005 at constant prices of 1999/2000, a percent of increase is 3.4% during this period. 3. The percentage distribution of the individuals of the households by expenditure groups was improved in rural areas compare to urban areas during the period 1999/2000-2004/2005 (at constant priced of 1999/2000) which indicate an improvement in living conditions for the population in rural areas. 4- The per capita share of cultivated area decreased from 0.13 feddan in 1989/1990 to 0.12 feddan in 2005. Also, the per capita share of the crop area decreased from 0.26 feddan to 0.21 feddan during the same period. 5- The per capita share of the agriculture production is L.E. 674 in 1995, it increased to L.E.820 in 2000 and to L.E. 1320 in 2005 (at constant priced of 1995). 6- During two periods (1995-2000), (2000-2005), there is decrease in the per capita share of barley, lentils, beans, lupine, while there is an increase in the per capita share of wheat, red beet, onion, vegetables. The per capita share for the other crops increased during the first period then followed by a decrease in the second period. 7- During the period (2000-2004) there is an increase in the per capita share of livestock, milk, poultry, eggs and fish at a different rates of increase, while there is decrease in the per capita share of honey from 0.13 Kg. to 0.11 Kg during the same period. 8- The per capita consumption of agriculture commodities such as maize, lentils, fruits, livestock, poultry, fish, egg, milk seen to have risen during the period 1994-2005. Also the per capita consumption of some industrial food commodities such as oil and sugar increased during the same period. The increase in the per capita consumption for some commodities and the decrease for other commodities such as fruits meats, fish, milk and eggs is due to the changes in the level of income. In addition the changes in the pattern of consumption is due to the changes in the supply of the commodities in the local markets during the period of the study. 9- The self sufficiency ratio in 2005 is lower than 100% for wheat (61.2%), maize (60.1%), beans (43.4%), lentils (1.8%), livestock (80.5%) fish (82.3%). The self sufficiency ratio for the other commodities such as rice, potatoes, vegetables, citrus, is over 100% in 2005 in addition to poultry, milk, and eggs. The self sufficiency ratio is 99.9% for the fruits. 10- The imported food increased from L.E. 10442 million in 1995 to L.E. 20709 million in 2005. This increase is due to the increase in the demand on food commodities and the increase in the number of the population while the supplied amount of food commodities did not increase at the same rate of increase. The deficit of balance of food increase from (L.E-9331) million in 1995 to (L.E.-15746) in 2005
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