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Introduction: The study of fertility levels in one of the most important topics because of their direct impact on population policies and programs. Fertility levels vary from one society to another and according to many social and economic factors, cultural and health conditions prevailing in the society, as well as the use of family planning methods. It is hated high levels of fertility in developing countries compared with developed countries. Generally respond to death, faster than fertility to the requirements of development as a result of progress in public health and the spread of drugs in the discovery of vaccines have been successful some developing countries in reducing mortality rates, but they are still struggling to reduce fertility rates as the high level of fertility reduces the share of the child for him to spend on education and health and that of family income and the state budget directed to there services. The main findings of the study: 1- Reduction the birth rate from 27.4%o in 2000 to 25.5%o in 2005 and is on the rise again and reached 27.5%o in 2008. 2- Reduction levels of fertility gradually in Egypt during the period 2000- 2008 as well as Reduction specific fertility rates for all age groups, but the decline was greater among women in large age groups. 3- Clear from the study reduced total fertility rate in urban than in rural areas and have registered the governorates of Upper Egypt the highest level of total fertility and as expected, recorded urban governorates lowest level of fertility the study also shows an inverse relationship between the level of women's education and total fertility rate as well as lower the level of total fertility for women index rising wealth. 4- Reduction in the average number of live births to women in urban areas than in rural areas, the study also showed a decrease in the average number of births to revive the higher level of education of women during the study period, as well as the average number of live births among women at the highest level of the index wealth compared with the average number of live births among women at the lowest level of the wealth index. 5- Increase the proportion of women under the age of twenty and became mothers with increasing age (15- 19 years), whether in urban or rural areas while urban governorates recorded the lowest percentage of mothers under the age of twenty and clear from the study data that there is a strong correlation between the level of child-bearing without the twentieth and the educational status of women, where reduction level of reproduction higher the educational level of woman. There is also an inverse relationship between the level of wealth and the proportion of mothers in the age group (15- 19 years) with a lower ratio the higher the level of wealth.
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