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يتضمن هذا البحث مقدمة في توضيح أهمية الحديث النبوي (أقوال النبي) باعتباره المصدر الثاني للتشريع بعد القرآن الكريم في الشريعة الإسلامية. ثم بينت أهمية الحديث النبوي ونصوصه الصحيحة في الدراسات اللغوية مع إن بعض علماء اللغة العربية ربما كانوا يعارضون الاستشهاد بنصوص الحديث على معاني اللغة العربية لأن بعضها لم ينقل نصا وربما ورد إلينا بالمعنى فتصرف الرواة بألفاظ الحديث فنقلت أقوالهم رغم كونها قليلة إلا أن الكثير من علماء اللغة العربية يؤيدون الاستشهاد بنصوص الحديث النبوي وربما رأوا أن الاستشهاد بها واجب حتى عندما يروي الحديث بالمعنى. ثم تناولت البحث شيئا من حياة الإمام مالك والحديث عن عقيدته وأهمية كتابه "الموطأ" وسبب تسميته بهذا الاسم. وضحت هذه الدراسة أساليب الاستفهام في هذا الكتاب وذكرت الأحاديث الشريفة الواردة في كتاب "الموطأ" المتعلقة بذلك وأيدت ذلك بذكر الآيات القرآنية الدالة عليه وركزت على إمكانية حذف أدوات الاستفهام من الجملة عندما يدل الكلام عليها كحذف (أم) في الجملة بعد أن كتب الباحث عن (هل) وكيفية استخدامها في الاستفهام ثم ذكرت بعض الأحاديث الواردة في "الموطأ" التي استعملت (هل) فضلا عن أدوات الاستفهام الأخرى مثل (ما)، (من)، (كيف)، (كم)، (ماذا) وبينت كيفية استخدامها في الجملة ومعانيها. كما درست أدوات الاستفهام الأخرى الدالة على الحال والزمان والمكان. وتم أيضا مناقشة معانيها ودلالاتها في الاستفهام وختمت البحث بذكر أهم نتائجه في الخاتمة ثم ذكرت المصادر والمراجع التي رجعت إليها في هذا البحث.
This research includes an introduction in which I clarified the importance of Al-Hadeeth (the prophet’s sayings) in the Islamic law since it is the second source in the Islamic legislation after the Holly Quran. Then I wrote about theconcern of those who were specialized in the Arabic language in the honourable Hadeeth in the aspects of narrating, recounting and memorizing it since many of the scholars studied both sciences of Al-Hadeeth and sciences of the language. The researcher gave examples about the most famous scholars in this respect. After that I wrote about the reasoning depending on the honourable Hadeeth by the scholars of language who were either supporters or objectors and each group had its ideas and justifications concerning the reasons behind the support or the objection since some of the old scholars of language had cited it though they were few, whereas, the late scholars believed that its citation is obligatory even when the narration is in the meaning. Then the research dealt with life of the Imam Malik briefly besides his creed; the importance of his book which is under investigation and the reasons behind giving it this title. This study presented the interrogation particles which were found in this book and which I wrote about them. The honourable Hadeeths in Al-Muwata’ Book were cited because they were the core of the study. Then the honourable ayahs from the Holly Quran which supported the citations from the Hadeeth were quoted starting with the glottal stop as well as its origins and importance. It was the main subject and the prevailing one which its omission from the sentence is possible when there is an evidence, i.e., the existence of (ام) /am/ (or) in the sentence. After that the researcher wrote about (هل) /(hal) / and how to make interrogation by using it. Certain hadeeths from Al-Muwata’ were quoted in which (هل) / hal\J was found. The glottal stop and (هل) / hal/ are two particles. The other interrogation particles were presented and discussed linguistically and syntactically. They are (ما) /maa/; من)) /man/ (who); كيف)) /keifa/ (how) ,(كم) /kamI andماذا)) /maathaa/ (what) . They are nouns. The manners in which they come in the sentence and the meaning of each one were discussed. Then the researcher studied the other particles which are called the adverbs or metonymies which are اين)) /ayna/ (where) ; انى)) /annaa/) at which time or place) and متى)) /mataa/ (when) . Their meanings and denotations in the interrogation were also discussed. The study ended with a conclusion in which the most important results were mentioned. The sources and references consulted in the present study were also stated.
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