| المستخلص: |
Financing has become an indispensible part of our contemporary world, whether on the level of the individual or on the level of the various private and public sectors -whether trade, industrial, service or agricultural. To reconcile between the elements of production, it is necessary for the entrepreneurs to possess liquid money to purchase the necessary buildings to establish their projects or pay rent, employee wages, the price of machines, materials, and the like. Money is considered a gauge for the national economy and is a contributing factor in the development of the rate of economic growth. For this reason, various ideas and opinions have emerged calling for intensifying the role of money, especially after the emergence and development of modern banking. Financial doctrines have stressed the necessity of increasing the amount of money supply in the national economy to equal half the rate of the gross domestic production growth. This is because any increase in money supply leads to an increase of production and commodity and service disbursement, creating economic circulation. A decrease in the size of currency in circulation leads to economic decline and recession. This demonstrates the close relationship between the size of money supply and financing i.e. the size of money supply helps in increasing the size of financing. Since Islamic banks are a center for collecting money and for savings — due to a large portion of people who trust them — and because these institutions are unable to invest these savings and the huge amounts of money themselves, they therefore resort to investing them by financing investment projects through musharaka, mudarabah, or other new transactions which are compliant with Islamic law and its objectives. Based on the above, the researcher aims to define the concept of financing, the extent of its importance, and the extent of the importance of the financing role of Islamic banks. He mentions the motives of investment, its criteria in Islamic economics, and finally the different types of investment and financing in Islamic banks.
|
