| المستخلص: |
Although economic liberalization was accompanied with freedom of capital movements and removing obstacles hindering international trade, it was also accompanied with many international crises that affected different countries. This can be attributed to loopholes in the international trade, financial and monetary system, although economic institutions - mainly the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank - have evaluated the financial sectors in member states in order to determine actual and potential weakness points since 1999. This evaluation was carried out so as to avoid occurrence and widespread of financial crises, especially after those of Mexico in 1994, and south-east Asia in 1997. However, such procedures became controversial after the last crisis of USA in 2008. Accordingly, the present study included the following: 1- Defining what is meant by financial crises. 2- Presenting financial, crises in USA. 3- Presenting different aspects of the financial crisis in USA in 2008. 4- Presenting features of the financial crisis in USA in 2008. 5- Presenting reasons of the financial crisis in USA in 2008. 6- Presenting economic impacts of the international financial crisis of 2008 on. The international, American, European, Asian and Arabian economies. 7- Presenting economic impacts of the financial crisis of 2008 in USA on the Egyptian economy. 8- Presenting solutions submitted for the treatment of the crisis at the international and American levels, the role of both IMF and WB in the treatment of the crisis, and procedures adopted by Egypt. Finally, the study presented some conclusions, recommendations and lessons learnt from the crisis.
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