| المستخلص: |
يعد نظام الحكم في العهد الملكي في ضوء ماورد في الدستور نظاما ملكيا دستوريًا تنهض بادارة دفته وزارة مسؤولة امام البرلمان بمجلسي (الاعيان والنواب). فقد منح الدستور العراقي الملك الحق في تعين اعضاء مجلس الاعيان. في حين خضع مجلس النواب للانتخابات المقرة بلائحة انتخابات كانت على درجتين، وقد ظلت هذه اللائحة التي أقرها المجلس التاسيسي في ٢ اب ١٩٢٤ معتمدة منذ انتخاب اول مجلس نيابي في اذار ١٩٢٥ حتى صدور قانون الانتخابات النيابية الجديدة رقم ١١ لسنة ١٩٤٦، ثم قانون الانتخابات النيابية رقم ٦ لسنة ١٩٥٢ الذي اجريت بموجبه الانتخابات على نحو مباشر. وقد مثلت الموصل في المجلس النيابي بدوراته الست عشرة المتعاقبة بشخصيات متفاوتة في اتجاهاتها السياسية وفي موقفها من الحكومة، فمنها من كان معتدا في المعارضة او كان يمثل الخط السياسي المستقل ومنها من كان مؤيدًا للحكومة وقتئذ. كما كان لشيوخ عشائر الموصل دورا فاعلا في البرلمان والمطالبة لتحسين الخدمات وأعمار وتطوير البلاد وهذا ما سنلحظه في البحث.
The ruling system during the monarchical period in the shadow of the constitution is considered as monarchical and constitutional system which was administered by a government supervised by the parliament (The Council of Deputies and Elites). The Iraqi constitution gave the king the right of assigninig members of the Elites Council. At the same time the deputy copuncil was controled by the elections that were ruled by the draftlaw of elections, and they were of two grades. The draftlaw which was ratified by the Constituent Council on the 2nd of August 1924 was valid since the foundation of the first deputy council in March 1925 till the issuance of the new parliament election law No 11 in 96, then the parliament election law No 6 in 95 under which the election were done directly. Mosul was represented in the parliament in its sixteen successive sesions by individuals differ from each other in their stands towards the government. Some of them adhered to the opposition or represented the dependent political trend, and others supported the government. Sheiks of Mosul tribes had an effective role in the parliament; they demanded improvements in public sevices, building and developing the country as we will see in the deep details of the research. Hypothsis: Through his readings, the researcher found that what was written about the deputies (Sheiks of Mosul tribes) inside the parliament does not represent the total subjects and matters known in the meetings of the parliament, and what missions they were instructed to represent the people and adopting reconsiliation in different levels which the research will give answers to in its deep details, and that is why I chosed this subject. The research depended on different documents, resources and references puplished and unpuplished in the journals of the Iraqi deputy council. Also the governmental publications such as election laws in addition to M.A. , Ph.D theses, Arabic books and newspapers. After studying the role of Mosul Sheiks in the Iraqi Parliament during the monarchical period (1925 1958) and recognizing their stands inside the parliament we shoul stop at the most important findings that the researcher reached at: The experiment of the Constituent Council in the beginning of founding the new Iraqi State showed what deputies of Mosul in general and Mosul Sheiks in particular did during the meetings of the Constituent Council in 1924 they participated in enriching the political and parliament life. The reasearch shed lights on the representation of the Mosul province in the Deputy Council in its sixteen sessions (1925-1958). This representation reached 16% out of fourteen provinces in Iraq, where deputies of Mosul became 270 including the shares of Mosul Sheiks (63) nearly 4-5%, and we believe that this percentage is suitable ans satisfying at that time. Like other deputies of Mosul, Sheiks played an effective role in the deputy Council through the cases the put forth that participated in discussing different interior matters of the country demanding the successive governments to develop them in the economic, social and cultural aspects. Also their patriotic stands were very clear. The deputies of Mosul were not flaterrers when the matter concerns patriotism and their stand to wards the elections and opposing them are evidances of our credibility. In addition to the status of the Mosul Sheiks (the deputies) that they had which consolidated their social existance because of their tribal, economic and political importance.
|
