المستخلص: |
لقد هيمنت نزعة ما بعد الحداثة على الساحة الأدبية منذ سبعينات القرن العشرين. لم يتحدد فيما إذا كانت هذه النزعة رد فعل أو امتداد للحداثة. رأى بعض النقاد أنه ليس هناك من حد فاصل بين الحداثة ونزعة ما بعد الحداثة. يدرس هذا البحث السمات المابعد الحداثوية في قصائد مختارة من شعر لورا رايدنج جاكسون. تتضمن هذه السمات الذات اللاوقعية والاغتراب والدلالة العملية والمعنى التلقائي. يقتصر البحث على تحليل تلك السمات من قصائد مختارة من شعر جاكستون ويسلط والضوء أيضاً على اتجاه جاكسون النسوي ويتوصل إلى بعض النتائج ولعل أهم هذه النتائج هو مساهمة جاكسون في تأسيس نزعة ما بعد الحداثة والتي تكون جلية في اتجاهها الشعري ولا يمكن غض النظر عن دورها في هذا الميدان
Postmodernism has dominated the literary arena since the seventies of the twentieth century. It has not determined whether it was a reaction or extension to modernism. Certain critics saw that there was no clear-cut between modernism and postmodernism. The paper sheds some light on some postmodern characteristics in some of Laura Riding Jackson's selected poems. These features include unreal-self, alienation, practical signification and autonomous meaning. The research is confined to the analysis of these characteristics in Laura's selected poems. The paper also highlights Jackson's feminist trend. It reaches certain results. The most important result is that Jackson's contribution to the establishment of postmodernism is evident in her feminist trend. Her role in this field is unnegligible. Postmodernism which emerged in the late forties of the twentieth century was a new phase in thought and art. It was a reaction to such political ideology as fascism and communism.(1) It departed from the modernist movement.(2) However, postmodernism is a controversial term. It is hard to define because it includes various disciplines like art, architecture, music, film, sociology etc. Fredric Jameson, a postmodernist critic, sees it as a cultural formation which is a combination of three stages of capitalism: market capitalism, monopoly capitalism, and consumer capitalism(3). Postmodernism is also defined from a historical, sociological point of view as a social formation or a set of social, historical attitudes.(4) Certain theorists reject the term of postmodernism itself. They pinpoint the contradiction and circularity of postmodernist theory. They see the term of postmodernism or postmodernity as meaningless. Those critics depart in criticizing, deferring or arguing for its ramifications from the postmodernists' rejection of truths or definitions. Eric Hobsbawn the historian argues: \
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