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يعد القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة مصدرين أساسين للتربية الإسلامية المتكاملة فالإسلام منهج حياة متكامل تنبثق أخلاقه وعبادته وشرائعه من القرآن الكريم وهو كلام الله تعالى نزل منهجاً متفرقاً على رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وسلم) بواسطة جبريل (عليه السلام)، وهو النص الديني الوحيد الذي كتب في زمن الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم)، فكل الرسالات الأخرى غير الإسلام لم تكتب في عصر رسلها وإنما بعد ذلك بقرون (العمري، 1414هـ، 46). إن القرآن الكريم كلام الله هو أول كتاب باللغة العربية حرك وعي الإنسان قبل أربعة عشر قرناً وفتح عقله في الكون والحياة، وعرفه بالحقوق والواجبات التي تعمق وعيه الاجتماعي ونظرته الإنسانية، وقد كان النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) يوضح ذلك بأقواله وسيرته الشخصية، ونظراً لتمثله القرآن بعمق ووعي خاصين، وتأثيره الكبير في جيله خاصة فإن الرؤية القرآنية تحولت إلى واقع إنساني معاشي تفاعل مع الوحي الآلهي قرآناً وسنة وأثمر ارتقاءاً عظيماً في الوعي الإنساني العام عندما انتشر الإسلام في الزمان والمكان (العمري، 1414هـ، 53 – 54). هدف البحث: يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على التربية والتعليم في العراق في القرن الأول الهجري. ولهذا البحث أهمية كبيرة لعدة أسباب: 1- ترسيخ قيم الإيمان بالله واليوم الآخر في نفوس المعلمين والمتعلمين كافة باعتبار الإسلام خاتم الرسالات السماوية وعد الدين من أخص ما يتميز به الأنسان.
The Holy Quran and the Sunnah exporters foundations of Islamic education integrated Islam is a way of life integrated emerge manners and worship and his laws of the Koran is the word of God came down approach scattered on the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) by Gabriel (peace be upon him), a religious text only wrote at the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him), all the messages other than Islam is not written in era and centuries but then (Omari, 1414, 46). The Quran the word of God is the first book in Arabic move human consciousness fourteen centuries ago and opened his mind in the universe, life, and defined the rights and duties that deepen the consciousness of social and his humanity, The Prophet (peace be upon him) shows that his words and his personal, because it represents Quran deeply and awareness special, and greatly affect his generation especially the vision of Quranic turned into reality Humanist my pension interact with divine revelation Quran and the Sunnah and yielded Artqaoua a great awareness of humanitarian year when Islam spread in time and space (Omari, 1414 from 0.53 to 54). Objective of this research: Current research aims to identify Education in Iraq in the first century AH. But this research is of great significance for several reasons: 1 - to entrench the values of faith in God and the Last Day in the hearts of all teachers and learners as Islam heavenly messages promise ring specifically what religion characterized by the man. 2 - that the building of civilizations and the formation of powerful nations need to effort and great sacrifices, has been explained Islam and the unity of the nation a target, and set guidelines and legislation that ensures cooperation between the sons of the Islamic nation, stressing solidarity and cooperation, he says, "There is no good in many counsels, but of an order of charity or known or repair among the people "(al-Nisa, state 114). Recommendation: - 1- attention and focus heritage of the Arab-Muslim focus and attention it deserves through the establishment of educational institutions Search researchers of professors and students research and study in this vital and important that by linking the past with the present and the work of comparative studies between what he had done Arab scientists from the role of a civilized and senior and between theorists of Arab scholars and intellectual influence. 2 - the Ministries of Education to hold conferences, seminars and educational lectures to illustrate the importance of the Arab and Islamic heritage and the most important Muslim thinkers and scholars like Al-Ghazali, Farabi, IbnKhaldun, IbnSina .. And others who have had the main role in supporting the Arab-Islamic civilization Proposals: - 1 - Conduct a study among Arab intellectuals in the period of time with foreign intellectuals in the aspects of education. 2 - Conduct research deals with the teacher and the learner in the Arab-Muslim educational thought in our time in Iraq and compared the nature of the teacher and the learner in Muslim communities in Western countries.
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