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الرئيسية > البيعة في النظام الإسلامي: مقا...>الوصف

البيعة في النظام الإسلامي: مقارنة بالعقد الاجتماعي عند الغربيين

المؤلف الرئيسي: الكرخي، طارق رشيد خميس حرامي (مؤلف)
مؤلفين آخرين: الدباغ، عبدالستار حامد (مشرف)
التاريخ الميلادي: 2007
موقع: بغداد
التاريخ الهجري: 1427
الصفحات: 1 - 173
رقم MD: 559228
نوع المحتوى: رسائل جامعية
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة العلمية: رسالة ماجستير
الجامعة: الجامعة الإسلامية بغداد
الكلية: كلية أصول الدين
الدولة: العراق
قواعد المعلومات: Dissertations
مواضيع:
الفكر الإسلامي | البيعة في الإسلام | النظريات الإسلامية | الإسلام و الغرب | العقد الاجتماعي عند الغرب
رابط المحتوى:
صفحة العنوان     
المستخلص     
قائمة المحتويات     
24 صفحة الأولى     

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المستخلص: We have traced the subject of "pledge of allegiance" in the Islamic thought, and tackled in details for the theologians and Moslem philosopher. Also, we traced the social contract for most important western philosophers who have clear touches in that concern, and we concluded the following: 1. the Moslem theories , especially the theologians, were restricted to reaching to a connection between making the political contract and signing it on social basis, but also the aim was finding authority that protect man and maintain his possessions in return everybody should weave his rights in the Islamic society after the era of message and companions. 2. the Moslem philosophy have put important procedures in the field of linking the political authority and human society, launching from the fact that man is social being i.e. he is social in nature and just cannot live without the help of others to live and add freedom. However, all these theories remained in progress and have not seen light of application; once they applied they would have drawn new life to society. 3. The Western theories, represented in the most remarkable three thinkers Jacque Jean Russo, John Luke and Hopis take the social contract as basis to establish the state in free agreement between individuals. 4. Russo depended on his theory on the basis that the contract was made on a contract named the First Contract when people where in "natural state". When they moved to the state of society, the contract was made between them and those representing him. Their will met in a person who was the representative of general will i.e.'the sum of all wills. In that weave of all rights, the sum is authority that has the right to putting the ruler aside whenever they desired.

5. While the theory of John Luke was based on the fact that people in the natural state need are free and happy in their freedom, because they behave freely whenever they desire. However, when there were taboos for them whether they do not want or cannot do, their interests were conflicted and they needed contracting to maintain the right of each for the aggressions and violence of others. 6. For Hopis, he depicted society as huge entity that terminates all. those conflicting with it, and that state is represented in the King whom Hopis granted all the validities and made him do whatsoever. That king is not responsible before people, but he is charged before God only. He did not leave to people the right to disobey the King unless when the matter relates to life, whenever kings passed that right, people have the right to revolt and rise up. While the rest rights, as far Hopis is concerned, have been submitted to the king by people, under the plea of divine authority theory. 7. Not all Islamic theories that have been applied on Earth approaches the theory of "Social Contract" whether the document called "the Paper of Madina" posed by the Prophet (Peace be on him), which has been the base of the state on one hand and a social contract on the other of first rank. That the society was governed by traditions and conventions that the Prophet did not attempt to revoke but he maintained them, and also maintained the rights of Jews as well as Moslems. Had the Islamic nation returned to the pure fountains of message era, they would have witnessed the Prophet (Peace on him) was not only pretending but in reality with social root, that made loyalty is for doctrine and not for tribe and blood shedding, however the polytheist are their kinships. Thus, Islamic state in'the era of the Prophet was prosperous state in which you can be proud. He recommended all the occupied in the field of Islamic thought to concentrate their work on the state of Prophet, because the more researcher searches, the more things he would discover as it has been a divine state not secular one. God best knows the souls His creatures that He does not pose a thing not suited them. If nature, as the Western philosophers claim, as chaotic and scattered, then God has arranged it and made it subject to rules. 8. Also, I invite the researchers to trace the doubts that aroused against the issue of the state of Prophet (Peace on Him) and -try to refute them. The more we moved away from our great tradition, we have do not have but resorting to almighty God. As Omar (God be Blessed with him) said" we are a nation whom God graced with Islam, if we asked from other than God we will be humiliated". Now, we are in lowness for being away from the essence of our great religion. We ask God to inspire us to the right way and return us to the road or rightful ness from the dark tunnel we are in. Finally, thanks for almighty God the creature of the universe and peace be upon his prophet Mohammed and his sacred family and companions. -

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