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الرئيسية > الأوضاع العامة في فرنسا خلال ع...>الوصف

الأوضاع العامة في فرنسا خلال عهد القنصلية 1799 - 1804

المؤلف الرئيسي: الدوري، عمار شاكر محمود أحمد (مؤلف)
المؤلف الرئيسي (الإنجليزية): Al-Douri, Ammar Shaker Mahmoud
مؤلفين آخرين: القريشي، محمد يوسف إبراهيم (مشرف)
التاريخ الميلادي: 2012
موقع: تكريت
التاريخ الهجري: 1433
الصفحات: 1 - 282
رقم MD: 612598
نوع المحتوى: رسائل جامعية
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة العلمية: رسالة دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت
الكلية: كلية التربية
الدولة: العراق
قواعد المعلومات: Dissertations
مواضيع:
عهد القنصلية
النظام السياسي
الاحوال الاجتماعية
فرنسا
رابط المحتوى:
صفحة العنوان     
المستخلص     
قائمة المحتويات     
24 صفحة الأولى     

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المستخلص: The study of French history in the specified periods between (1799 - 1804), is objectivity an ideal era in a sense that it includes the proper conditions which their existence are important to development any society, Through the production of, as available in this period, real for of what was from the political, economic, social, judicial and cultural reforms. Later on, these reforms are reflected upon the French and European societies, as such reforms enabled the French society to get ride from the burdens of the past and cope with other European countries. The study of European history in general and the French one in special has a massive importance not only for the European community, but for other communities as well this is due to what the French events has produced at matter that is reflected directly and indirectly upon the historical march of the whole universe. This can be clearly noticed on the Political, economical, and cultural French diverts which were a preface to the diverts in East and Africa Moreover , many of the French events had a deep and direct echo upon the East. This is confirmed by the French Revolution and its consequences inside and outside Europe. An instance is the French Campaign against Egypt and The Levant. It is depicted by many historical critics as a great historical turning point in the Arabian Islamic community. According to this came the interest in studying the results of the French Revolution under the title "The general situation in France during the Age of the consulate 1799 - 1804" choosing the year of (1799) as a preface to this the sis is led by receiving Napoleon Bonaparte the state of the First Consul in French, the year of (1804) is led by the end of French consulates reign and the beginning of the French Empire reign which was led by Napoleon Bonaparte. There is No doubt that formation of the consulate Government was a French mind to choose the appropriate solutions for problems that had weakened the political, economic and the French social entity, this led to the emergence of reforms in the form of projects which has the ability to repaired and develop itself by itself.

Studying this topic was not an easy matter there were many difficulties and many obstacles such as the uniqueness of the resources which are translated from other languages into Arabic, the scarcity of translators who translate from other languages into Arabic, and the insecure situation or our dear country – Iraq All theses difficulties delimit the abilities of the researcher. This Thesis is divided into four chapters and a conclusion and abstract in English: The first chapters sheds light on the general conditions in France before the age of the consulate to be the background which enable the reader to understand the elements and the motives which led to the appearance of the consulate age. Chapter two deals with the role of Napoleon Bonaparte in establishing the Government of the of the consulate. In addition it sheds light on the life – sketch of Napoleon Bonaparte and the conditions which Paved the way to the appearance of consulate Government. Chapter Three focuses on how it was tried to establish peace in Europe and how the European countries tried to get ride from the first consul through helping conspiracy against him. Chapter Four studied the general situation in France during the age of the Consulate which dealt with the establishment of a permanent Consulate (Consul for life). The study have reached to many findings that can be summarized as the following: 1- The achievements which are made by the First Consul in the era of the Consulate a bright spot in the French history and a matter many historians was blind to many negatives which were broken by that stage. These drawbacks were his attempts to monopolize decision-making and thus to monopolize power, which led to a shift from government to the Government of the temporary consulate and then to permanent imperial period. 2- The age of the Consulate was an important turning point in the French history, is through political reforms, administrative, economic, cultural and social rights, as guaranteed by the Covenant and the significant role his first consul in these fields. 3- The French Civil Code (Napoleonic Code), one of the most important achievements that calculated for the Consul of the first because it is a source of pride for generations to come, and a model study out within the European continent and beyond, because of what this law of the equality of all rights and duties, failed previous laws of achieving them. 4- Opening the Educational Law which was issued by the Government of the consulate door to French citizens to get the educational opportunities they are missing in the previous governments, thus opening the way for them to get access to political and administrative functions of the raised level of living standards.

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