| المستخلص: |
يرمي هذا البحث إلى النظر في واحدة من الطرائق الفريدة في طرح المواقف النقدية لدى واحد من الكتّاب الأندلسيين النابهين، جمع في شخصيته الأدبية بين الشعر والكتابة النثرية والنقد، مما تجلّى في ثني رسالته الموسومة ب "التوابع والزوابع" التي عمل عبرها على إبراز شخصيته الأدبية الشاملة، وإثبات تفوقه على معاصريه ومنافسيه من الأدباء شعرائهم وناثريهم بأسلوب يجمع بين الجد والهزل والفكاهة والسخرية والتخييل. فصوّر رحلة خيالية التقى فيها توابع الشعراء والكتاب العرب القدامى، وأجرى بينهم حوارات ومناظرات، كشفت منازلهم الأدبية، وفي الوقت نفسه التمس فيها التقدير الذي افتقده بين معاصريه، في دنيا الخيال أو عالم الجن. وبرز فيها شاعراً وكاتباً فذاً يفوقهم، وناقداً يحذو حذو النقاد المشارقة بما قدّمه من وقفات ونظرات نقدية، عالج فيها جملة من القضايا النقدية التي كانت مدار بحث وجدل في المشرق العربي، كقضايا الموهبة والإلهام، والنظم والنثر، والقديم والمحدث، والموازنة، والسرقات؛ فشكّلت رسالته إسهاماً في مجال النقد الأندلسي يواكب في طبيعته وسماته ما كان عليه النقد في المشرق العربي.
This paper attempts to uncover one of the unique methods in putting forward literary critical views of one of the most brilliant Andalusian writers who had talents in poetry, prose writing and literary criticism. His talent was apparent in his masterpiece the “Risalah al-Tawabi‘ wa al- Zawabi‘, in which he poured his talent to manifest his comprehensive literary character that surpassed his contemporaries and competitors, be they poets or prose writers. He wrote this story with unique combination of styles; seriousness, humor, irony and imagination. He wrote about an imaginary journey where he met with the servants of the classical Arab poets and writers from among the jinn and had conversations and discussions with them to realize their status and to invoke from them an appreciation to his own work which was not forthcoming from his contemporaries in the imaginative world of demons. He appeared in the story as a poet and writer who overcome his contemporaries; he sounded as though he was a critic from the Eastern school of criticism when he spoke of his critical views and casted his analysis. He tried to deal with some topics and controversial views that were debated aggressively among the proponents of the Eastern school, namely: the issue of talent and inspiration, poetry and prose, classic and contemporary, comparison and literary plagiarism. In this manner, this work was a huge contribution to the field of literary criticism in Andalusia that kept up with the characteristics of literary criticism in the eastern part of the Arab world.
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