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يتناول هذا البحث مغزى استخدام إشارات الرعب في رواية "التألق" لستيفن كنك. لقد غدا الكتابات والأفلام المرعبة ميزة من ميزات الثقافة الغربية. أما الرعب الموجود في الرواية فيبدأ بالعنوان الذي يوحي بالخوف، ثم يستمر هذا الرعب علي طول سير الرواية. الذى يتضمن قدرة الشخص علي التنبؤ أو معرفة ما سيحدث في المستقبل القريب عند رؤية شخص من الماضي أو تذكر حادثة وقعت منذ زمن. إن براعة هذا الكاتب تكمن في قابليته لخلق شخصيات مليئة بالعيوب، تمتلك قدرات شيطانية، خالية من الروح، مثلما يجد المتلقي في تجسيد دور "كريدي"، "للويد" المرأة التي قتلت في غرفة رقم 217 في الرواية، وبنات كريدى التوأم, إن تكرار مشاهد القتل العنيف بالفأس وتدفق الدم كفيضان من المصعد يدل على المعاناة التي يشعر بها الإنسان المعاصر ذو الإرادة الضعيفة، وهذا الدم الغزير دليل القتل الوحشي الجماعي للهنود من قبل الأمريكيين ويجد الباحث جوابا لأسئلة كثيرة عن سبب مخاوف الرجل في القرن العشرين وأمنياته وغرائزه الجنسية واستخلص من حالات الرعب هذه دليلا على إن الجمال والإبداع والصدق ما هي إلا معايير استبدلت بالخوف والقبح والفشل في القرن العشرين بسبب إرادته الضعيفة و الواقع المرير استطاع كنك التعبير عن مخاوف الإنسان المعاصر القلق خلال تخيله غير الواقعي للمقابل وتهيوءاته المفعمة بالشر وإشارات الرعب بشتى أنواعه ما هي إلا تعبير عن هذه الإرهاصات التالية : ١- إن الشعور بالفشل دليل علي عدم الكفاءة. ٢- تفكير الرجل بالجنس دليل على عدم قناعة الزوج بزوجته والتقصير الواضح من قبل الزوجة. 3- شعور الرجل الأمريكي بالخوف بسبب البطالة أو الطرد من العمل دليل على وجود انقسامات. طبقية داخل المجتمع مهددة بفشل الزواج. وخصص الجزء الأخير من هذه الدراسة للنتائج التي توصل إليها البحث ويتبعها قائمة المصادر المستخدمة في الدراسة.
This paper is concerned with the purpose behind using some signs of violence and horror in Stephen King's fiction The Shining (1977) .These signs that are no more than few fictional representations portrayed by the American writer play vital roles in creating real-like situations and exciting the reader and spectator . The characters that are portrayed in the text are no more than the presence of material bodies in the performing arts. Each of them are fleshed out and has flaws that anybody has seen. Here King's mastery as a story teller is revealed for this state of transformation which keeps the readers and the audiences enthralled. Adaptation of the American writers to the use of picture images and signs reflect an important part of their culture. One factor at work in making the impossible seem plausible is the writer's or director's ability to lead the viewer out of the real world and into the fantastic kingdom of their horrible story .The repetition of scenes of violence and monstrous way of murdering of a whole family like Grady's use of axe to kill his twin daughters in the novel, the appearance of a woman in room number 217 in the novel is a proof of the abnormal state of the modern man which leads him to imagine things as if they are real . The flood of blood rush from the elevator in the text refers to mass murder case of the Indians by the American. The signs about Indians refer to such state. The signs that are linked with the idea of violence suggest the fact that maybe evil can prevail even in the presence of good. The body of these characters' are haunted by demons and evil power. A special gothic atmosphere takes place . A character responds to these images in the novel as an estimation of courage, cowardice, and will power. The question that posits itself is what meanings these signs carry? How can characters behave to get rid of evil power and remain virtuous or overcome by vice? The suitable theory in this field is picture theory by W.J.T. Mitchell .The basic issue he argues is that "the values and texts of the western tradition are either being ignored or reduced to political horrors: Truth , beauty and excellence are regarded as irrelevant, in the academic humanities today"(1). These images in this theory suggest that the vast number of hours "Americans" spend in front of television sets. Thus the common culture seems a product of what they watch rather than what they read. In addition to Mitchell's views about the use of signs other views of famous critics are important like Roland Barthe's views of Semiology and Bogg's views about the "Art of watching films". The fearful situations the hero faces indicates his failure in keeping his family happy. All the fearful sketches are translations of the presence of devil inside human beings. Even the pretty naked woman who appears as ghost in the novel turns to an ugly person as a reference to the character's desire in beautiful looking woman rather than an ugly one, soon reality overcomes his imagination and disappoints him. The paper consists of an abstract and three sections. The first section is an Introduction which traces the beginnings and the importance of the study of signs in the twentieth century, Semiology, as a term. The second section presents Stephen King's biography and a summary of the novel .The third one is an analysis of the novel through language and images or signs. The last section is concerned with the findings of the study followed by a bibliography.
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