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الرئيسية > الحركة الفلاحية والعمالية ودور...>الوصف

الحركة الفلاحية والعمالية ودورها في الأحداث السياسية الروسية 1905 - 1914

العنوان بلغة أخرى: The Peasant Movement and the Labor their Role in Russian Political Events 1905-1914
المصدر: مجلة آداب المستنصرية
الناشر: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الآداب
المؤلف الرئيسي: عبدالله، إيناس سعدى (مؤلف)
المؤلف الرئيسي (الإنجليزية): Abdullah, Enas Saadi
المجلد/العدد: ع70
محكمة: نعم
الدولة: العراق
التاريخ الميلادي: 2015
التاريخ الهجري: 1436
الصفحات: 80 - 124
ISSN: 0258-1086
رقم MD: 676654
نوع المحتوى: بحوث ومقالات
اللغة: العربية
قواعد المعلومات: AraBase
مواضيع:
الاحداث السياسية | العمال | الفلاحون | روسيا
كلمات المؤلف المفتاحية:
عمال | فلاحين | سياسة | روسيا | Peasant | Labora | Political | Russia
رابط المحتوى:

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المستخلص: كانت روسيا أوائل القرن العشرين دولة أوتوقراطية، استبدادية، تحت حكم آل رومانوف (1)، وبدأت تشهد تطورا صناعيا كان له أبعاد خطيرة في تاريخها. كانت الثورة الصناعية التي بدأت في روسيا أواخر القرن التاسع عشر، أثر كبيرا في نمو الطبقتين الوسطى (البرجوازية)، والعاملة (البروليتارية)، الأمر الذي أدى إلى خلق مشاكل كثيرة للأوتوقراطية الروسية. لذلك بذلت القوى الرجعية جهودا كبيرا لعرقلة التطور الصناعي، لأنه يؤدي إلى ظهور مجتمع مدني مناوئ لها، وللحياة الريفية، التي تعتمد عليها، ويؤكد عليها بشكل خاص أصحاب التقاليد السلافية. وظهرت في المجتمع الروسي عدة حركات أو جماعات معارضة لسياسة الحكومة الرجعية، وأخذت الطبقة الوسطى تعتقد أن الأوتوقراطية مضرة بمصلحتها، أن لم تحدد سلطتها، وتؤسس حكومة دستورية تمثلها. كما أن بروز طبقتي العمال والفلاحين خلال سنوات 1901-1903 كان له أثر كبير في اندلاع الثورة الروسية عام 1905.

It turns out the role of the labor movement and the peasant with the beginning of the twentieth century, and reached its peak during the years between 1905-1907 during any period of the Russian Revolution. In fact, were the causes of this revolution are many, including the survival of serfdom which was paralyzing the country's economy, and its political system, and hinders the development of the country, this system has been tight on the internal market, hampering the development of the industry, and the imposition of a proletarian roughest forms of capital investment. As the autocratic Tsarist policy towards the Russians or other nationalities have increased popular discontent, and perhaps the situation in Finland was a good example of this policy and its consequences. Came Russo-Japanese War to reveal defects Tsarist regime, because he is convinced that many of the corrupt system of government is responsible for what the right of Prussia defeats that the system that has squandered the people's money, has cost the lives of citizens is a necessity. As a result of factors have become over the conditions of workers badly to a large extent, and it was these make up the largest percentage of the population in the industrial cities such as Moscow, Riga, Lodz, Warsaw, and endowed with a wave of meetings and demonstrations and labor strikes, raising slogans workers, political, economic, and culminated in Bloody Sunday, which raised more popular discontent.. The conditions of the peasants in Russia, the bad, and the system of serfdom, and poor distribution of wealth, is a burden on the Russian peasant, so we find that the peasantry was heavily involved in the 1905 revolution to lift the injustice in all their shoulders. Peasants aspires to abolish the ownership of land owners, and the remnants of serfdom in the agricultural system, and Russian, but the peasant movement, although characterized by the power of spontaneity, and generally do not they are organized, and the weak link in the movement of workers and peasants struggling to meet local needs, and do not apply to claim political rights wide. Differed from the position of the Socialist Forces revolution in 1905, the Bolsheviks believed, it's the bourgeois revolution is working on creating a revolutionary democratic dictatorship, any provision in any of the proletariat and the peasantry together. The Mensheviks have thought that as long as the bourgeois revolution must be led by the bourgeoisie. Despite the buildup, which saw a revolutionary movement by the workers and peasants through late 1905, the movement that has seen a significant decline during the years 1906 to 1907, due to overheating that has plagued the revolutionary forces, at a time when reactionary forces have taken the same gathering, and began counter-revolution against the forces Free in 1906, and helped return the army from the battlefields after the end of the Russo-Japanese War, was used to eliminate the Revolution. Despite the failure of the 1905 revolution, the results have been impressive to some extent, one side gave way to the emergence of a number of political parties that represent the various forces of: rightwing and left-wing, whether it is the bourgeoisie, or conservative, or socialist, as well as the start of a new era in the history of Russia represent approval the law of the State Duma, which despite failing four times during the period that the contract, but his presence is a remarkable development in the establishment of a constitutional life somewhat advocated by the political forces, especially the bourgeoisie. The main problem that was not able to be resolved from the Duma, as well as in Tsarist failed to solve, is the agrarian question, this was a matter in the long run, one of the causes of the 1917 revolution.
ISSN: 0258-1086

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