| المستخلص: |
"In General, Ancient Religious thought in Mesopotamia distinguish by polytheism, which abounded over time, even increased in number significantly increased, and Babylonian put Tables with names of Gods, had allocated Gods for the natural phenomena and life affairs, have its system and causes, and across the long history they didn't reach of standardization and faith in one God, but continued to worship many Gods. The importance of Mesopotamia Gods different from one to other. Put the God ""An"" at the head of Gods, follow by God ""Enlil"", then God ""Ea"", and called ""the Divine Trinity"". comes after them in importance Gods less of them ""SamaS, Sin and Ishtar"". In particular the major Gods owns characteristics and divine powers know as traditions (ME), and distribute it on the Gods. God ""Nergal"" theme of this research is one of the secondary Gods in ancient Mesopotamia, his role is different from other Gods in Mesopotamia literature has appeared as a violent, he represent the God of the underworld (the spirit world) ancient inhabitants of Mesopotamia not doubted the inevitability of death, and to impose on the people and all life, he corresponds to the God of death ""Erra"" (God of disease and epidemics). A number of temples was built for him, and ""Kutha"" city (city of the dead), the main center for the worship of God Nergal. This paper deals with the God ""Nergal"" God of the underworld, in the first chapter, definition of God Nergal, his gender and family, and second chapter display symbols, titles, center of his worship and underworld, and the third chapter devoted to his role in the Sumerian and Akkadian mythology, hymns and royal inscriptions, and the conclusion display main results that research get it. In the end, I hope to obtain this research acceptance."
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