| المستخلص: |
The cultural criticism has appeared recently in the Arabic and Western world. It is interested in the effective factors in producing the literery text and the surrounding environment; political, social, cultural, relegions factors in addition to habits and customs. This type of criticism includes also (cultural styles) which I made it as a title of my research applying its measures on the speech of Nahj Al-balagha. F Immam Ali and I called it (the cultural styles in Nahj Al-balagha). I discussed first the meaning of (culture) in term and language and how it moved from the Western culture to the Arabic culture. Then I explained the cultural studies which have been a reason for cultural criticism appearance across the rising of these studies through two schools: the first in Britain (Bermingham Institute) and the second in Germany (francfort school). Then I discussed (the cultural criticism) defining and causes that led to its development and the opinions of Arabs and we stern. Then I concluded the prefoce by defining (the cultural styles) and its role in the text and I mentioned that it has two divisions: apparent and interior with focus on interior styles After the preface I discussed the cultural styles in Nahj Al-balagha and I found that Imam Ali dealt with three styled relegions, political and social. The relegions one Was influenced by holly Guran from two sides: the form and beauty of Guran and the content of Guran. Other influence was by the prophet's approaches which in fluencedin Nahj Al-balagha, especially the life of prophet Mohammad who brought him up since childhood. the political styles focused on the opinion of Imam Ali about policy and the form of power afler the death of the prophet and then during his rule and how he treated people, army and opposition. The social styles concentrated on relation systems, family, tribe and its rule in the society. Imam Ali attacked and criticized the regressive rule of the tribe which based on keeping control over others and treated them injustly. However, Imam Ali praised the tribe when it would be one of the One's strength in society. I concluded my research explaining the effect and influence of environment on the society and how the speech of Imam Ali contains environmental features like plants, animal, planets, stars and mountains where Arabs were able to borrow the features of nature and animals in their simile in prose and poetry. I found that I mam's speech in Nahj Al-balagha is full of these styles and closely related to the social reality with focus on the Islamic approach which Imam Ali tried to show and display in the society.
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