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منهج البحث: المنهج الاستقرائي والوصفي والتحليلي. أبرز النتائج: 1-أسهب البخاري في ذكر الصحابة-رضي الله عنهم-والثناء عليهم وبيان ما خصهم الله تعالى به؛ بل قد أفرد في جامعه كتابين عنهما: كتاب (فضائل الصحابة) وكتاب (مناقب الأنصار). 2-عرف (الصحابي) بأنه: (من صحب النبي-صلى الله عليه وسلم-أو رآه من المسلمين). 3-اعتمد على فهم الصحابة-رضي الله عنهم-للأدلة الشرعية ونقل الإجماع على وجوب اتباعهم. 4-في حال اختلاف الصحابة-رضي الله عنهم-يقدم قول من كان لديه نور من وحي أو أثارة من علم، وأما إن اجتهدوا فأخطأوا: فأدلة الوحي أولى بالتقديم وأحرى بالقبول. 5-بين رحمه الله تحريم سب الصحابة-رضي الله عنهم-ونقل إجماع السلف على عدم الطعن فيهم. 6-ذكر كراهة علي-رضي الله عنه-مخالفة من سبقه من الخلفاء، وتفضيله لأبي بكر وعمر على نفسه، وعدم ذكره لعثمان إلا بالخير. 7-أشار إلى ما شجر بين الصحابة-رضي الله عنهم-من القتال والفتنة ولم يتوسع فيه، وذكر بعض فضائل الصحابة الذين شاركوا في تلك الحرب، وفي هذا رد على المخالفين في شأن الصحابة من الروافض أو النواصب. وصلي الله وسلم على نبينا محمد
The topic of this paper deals with Al-Imam Al-Bukharrs position concerning the Prophet's companions, evident in his works and what is written about him. The significance of determining Al-Bukharrs position is seen in the following aspects: knowing Al-SaHaba’s and their status in Islam, using Al- SaHaba’s understanding of the Quran, and Al-Bukharrs position conccming the tension and positions among Al-SaHaba. The method used in the study is inductive, descriptive and analytical. The findings can be summarized as follows: 1- Al-Bukhari has greatly expanded on mentioning Al-SaHaba laudably illustrating their being uniquely characterized by Allah. He devoted two books in his anthology about them: FaDael Al-SaHaba’s (Companion Tributes) and Manaqeb Al-Ansar ( Al-SaHaba’s Good Qualities). 2- Al-Bukhari defined Al-SaHabi as “A Muslim who accompanied or saw Prophet Muhammad”. 3- He employed Al-SaHaba’s understanding of Shari'a evidence and transmission of ijma’, to conclude that they must be followed. 4- In cases of disagreement among Al-SaHaba, the opinion of the one w ho is more enlightened by the Qur'an and the one who is more knowledgeable is accepted. In cases w here Al-SaHaba are mistaken, then evidence from the Qur'an would be the decisive position to be accepted and respected. 5- Al-Bukhari showed that it is impermissible to swear against Al-SaHaba, and reported earlier scholarly 'ijma’not to vindicate them. 6- He reported that Ali hated to disagree with his predecessors, and his preference of Abu Bakr and Omar, while mentioning Othman only for his good deeds. 7- Al-Bukhari briefly mentioned the fighting and disputes (fitnah) among Al-SaHaba without expanding on these topics, adding a description of high tributes of the Prophet companions w ho participated in those wars.
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