| المستخلص: |
The rapid shifts in the concepts having to do with international relations and other issues, especially in the post-September 11 attacks as well as the Wikileaks scandals of secret documents on international ties, came up with a fragile stage of sustainable concepts not only at the attitude and speech level, but also at the methodology and theory level. For instance, Independence, Sovereignty and Privacy have become dependent on powers which control the information age following the post-industrial age. As colonialists attempted to found an elite generation which backs their plans more than its own national identity and gains of independence, resistance and freedom, adaptation to the new stage is so significant. Thus, such developments in the field of international relations towards a cosmopolitan theory in the foreseen future need so much investigation. That should, undoubtedly, represent a basic point in reducing the crisis of theorization and determination of risk to independence. More particularly, the regional axes at the current stage do not constitute isolated elements, but ancillary variable to greater international axes, interacting together in an exchange relation as a new challenge in type and treatment. In light of the above, the present study attempts to answer central questions, such as: Could national independence be consolidated under such shifts in international relations and new axes? In what terms can such changes be understood? At what levels of strategic analysis and perception can the new international and regional calculations be realized? Therefore, the research is divided into several subjects: conceptual framework (international relations, independence and colonialism); issue of internal external relation according to major schools’ perspectives; impact of regional and international axes on national independence; and ways of consolidating actual independence. It is concluded that the achievement of real independence in terms of ‘lack of subordination’ is near impossible. In other words, it depends on the free and active will of citizens in enhancing their presence and national unity, maintaining the development of resources, building rational governance and advancing the citizens’ democratic and political awareness. Finally, the following recommendations are made. Firstly, as modern independent Arab states import patterns and legislation, it is necessary to reconstruct the state in a way that fits social structures and meets community aspirations. Secondly, further joint Arab cooperation is encouraged to counter the present threats to the Arab World. Thirdly, regional sectarian conflicts need to be handled in a way that serves national security and promotes positive dialogue. Fourthly, Arab official and public leaderships are urged to support integration in the Arab World’s strategic interests, build confidence in regional allies, derive information from reliable sources and grant the region the merited attention and appreciation which suit its civilized and strategic status.
هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن العلاقات الدولية بين تعزيز الاستقلال وإشكاليات المحاور. وانقسمت الدراسة إلى عدد من المحاور وهما، أولاً: الإطار المفاهيمي "العلاقات الدولية-الاستقلال-الاستعمار" وتضمن "التحول في مفهوم العلاقات الدولية، ومفهوم الاستقلال السياسي، ومفهوم الاستعمار، ومفهوم استقلال الدولة في القانون الدولي". ثانياً: مفهوم السيادة وتطوره، حيث إن مفهوم السيادة في الأصل قديم قدم الدولة ذاتها، ولو أنه لم يستخدم بهذا اللفظ قديماً، والواقع أن ملامح أن هذا المفهوم لم تحدد حتى العصر الحديث مع بداية بزوغ نظام الدولة الحديث في الغرب، وقد مر مفهوم السيادة بمراحل من التطور جعلته ينتقل من مضمون إلى آخر، وهما، مرحلة السيادة المطلقة، ومرحلة السيادة المقيدة، ومرحلة السيادة الجديدة. ثالثاً: علاقة مفهوم السيادة بالاستقلال. رابعاً: إشكالية العلاقات بين الداخلي والخارجي وفق رؤي المدارس الكبرى. خامساً: المحاور الإقليمية والدولية الجديدة. سادساً: حدود الاستقلال اليوم. سابعاً: كيف نعزز الاستقلال؟ وأوصت الدراسة بتعزيز التعاون العربي المشترك لمواجهة المخاطر الراهنة التي تحيط بالوطن العربي. كما أوصت بدعوة القيادات العربية الرسمية والشعبية إلى العمل على تشجيع التكامل بين المصالح العربية الاستراتيجية. كُتب هذا المستخلص من قِبل دار المنظومة 2018
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