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يتفق معظم فقهاء السياسة والدستور على أن دور الأحزاب السياسية أصبح جوهرياً في الديمقراطيات المعاصرة لدرجة لا يمكن التصور بإمكانية قيام النظام الديموقراطي من دون مساهمة الأحزاب السياسية فيه. وبناء على ذلك اتجهت الدول إلى تضمين دساتيرها نصوصا تقر حق الفرد في تأسيس الأحزاب السياسية والانضمام إليها، وهو ما كفله دستور جمهورية العراق لسنة 2005 في المادة (39) منه، إذ أقر حق الفرد في تأسيس الأحزاب السياسية والانضمام إليها والانسحاب منها، وأحال تنظيمه إلى القانون، وبعد مضي عشر سنوات على إقامة هذا الدستور صدر قانون الأحزاب السياسية. وسنحاول من خلال دراستنا لقانون الأحزاب السياسية، تسليط الضوء على بعض المسائل التي نرى أنها جديرة بالمناقشة، فضلاً عن بيان الثغرات التي شابت هذا القانون.
Most scholars agree policy and the Constitution, the role of political parties has become essential in contemporary democracies so can not perception to the possibility of a democratic system without the participation of political parties in it. Considering that the citizen can not by itself independent from the other its citizens to be a Vision for himself and take a stand and choose the curriculum, but in consultation and discussion, which requires the establishment of a political party which quickly heading citizen to belong to him by virtue of his faith faith and acceptance of his program. Therefore countries tended to include constitutions provisions that recognize an individual's right to establish political parties and join them, as guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq for the year 2005 in the article (39) which states (First: - the freedom to establish political parties, associations or acceding to the guaranteed and regulated by law . Second - no one shall be compelled to join the party, association or political party or force him to continue his membership in it. From the above it is clear that the legislature passed the constitutional right of an individual to establish political parties and join them and withdraw from it, and referred the law to the organization, and after ten years on the Establishment of this Constitution passed the Political Parties Act. We will try through our study of the law on political parties, highlight some of the issues that we consider worthy of discussion, as well as gaps statement contained in this law.
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