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|b The present study is aimed at addressing a major issue of State Building Challenges in Arab Spring Countries (Libya as a Model). A number of Arab countries saw public uprisings against the regimes to demand democracy, political participation and devolution of power However, the situation in Libya witnessed serious dilemmas which almost led to the collapse of the state, such as the split of the political power, spread of armed militias, rise of extremist groups, prevalence of human trafficking and increase of refugee flow to neighbouring countries. Thus, the main questions here are: what is meant by state building? What is the impact of such dilemmas on the state building in Libya? In general terms, the 2011 events of several Arab countries, including Libya, uncovered their fragile political structures. Therefore, state building now constitutes the chief challenge before their peoples and International Community. More particularly, it is concluded that the state building of Libya is associated with structural impasses, such as political marginalization, collapse of public institutions, weak political awareness, basic tribal and territorial conflicts over power and wealth and fall of the economy. If it keeps suffering from the same issues and does not seek inclusive reform, the state will see further fragmentation and failure of sovereignty. Finally, the recommendations of the study include the following: creating a foundation for dialogue as a social contract for all parties, consolidation of nationwide reconciliation, government institutional reform, referendum on the constitution and general and presidential elections, while each party confirms commitment to whatever legitimacy is brought by the ballot box.
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