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الحمد لله الذي يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل، والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد خاتم النبيين وإمام المرسلين، جدد الله به رسالة السماء، وأحيا ببعثته سنة الأنبياء، ونشر بدعوته آيات الهداية، وأتم به مكارم الأخلاق وعلى آلة وأصحابه... وبعد. فإن هدف هذه الدراسة رصد ظواهر الخلاف النحوي في مصدر من مصادر العربية، وقد تناولت مسائل الخلاف النحوي في كتاب الكامل لأبي العباس المبرد على النحو التالي: أولا: جمع المسائل النحوية الخلافية التي وردت في كتاب الكامل. ثانيا: تصنيفها بحسب الأبواب النحوية وجمع المسائل تحت مباحث وهي: المبحث الأول: مسائل النحو الخلافية في باب العطف. المبحث الثاني: مسائل النحو الخلافية في باب الإضافة. المبحث الثالث: مسائل النحو الخلافية في باب الحروف. المبحث الرابع: مسائل نحوية خلافية متفرقة. وقد بلغ عدد المسائل النحوية الخلافية في كتاب الكامل للمبرد عشرين مسألة نحوية؛ ففي مبحث العطف بلغ عدد المسائل (٤)، وفي مبحث الإضافة بلغ عدد المسائل (٤)، وفي مبحث الحروف بلغ عدد المسائل (5)، وفي مبحث المسائل المتفرقة بلغ عددها (٧)، وقد تمت دراسة المسألة وبيان أوجه الخلاف بين النحاة فيها، والتنبيه على القول الصحيح والقوي في تخريجها.
The lesson grammar represents a manifestation of mental activity, who served the Arab Thought since the founding of the state of Islam and embrace the neighboring nations monotheism and concern by reading the book of God and ponder its meaning and examine the methods, and the laws of the Arabic speech variability and diverse is an article that formed the mainstay lesson grammar and language, who served successive generations and still running - today - and the wide range of mediums researchers Arabs and Muslims, and others interested in Islamic thought and Arab civilization. And most important is what prompted me to choose this subject a number of motives are as follows: 1. The importance of the dispute as a manifestation of mental activity. 2. The desire to act together, controversial issues or assets in one book as a convenience to researchers and students. 3. The need to examine the dispute analytical study to identify the truth and the fact that the percentage in it. 4. The importance of grammatical differences as a representative of the wider areas of grammatical phenomenon. The study (the dispute) may include many things such as: 1 - Find the validity of the dispute or not. 2 - Documentation Syntactical words from their books, if possible, achieve a percentage of words to their respective owners 3 - Study the dispute then and to consider it. 4- overcome the problems faced by student differences, including: A) Adoption of the Syntactical of them authors of books printed on the dispute without recourse to other assets, not toxic when latecomers. B) the demise of many books and wrote Alkoviin toxic, resulting in uncertainty about the validity of their statements. C) widening and unwieldy nature of the dispute among the scholars Syntactical applicants, which enriches the grammatical rule. All of these issues are very important, hence the importance of the dispute and the need to study and analysis. We must note two things, namely : I: I counted all the grammatical issues controversial, which came in a book full, and according to different Syntactical in understand the significance of the verse or the house, but I made sure that the entire assets of those issues, I also hit the derogation from the words abnormal and wacky, which singled out by some of the Syntactical; because I saw that those issues are almost matters of an agreement between the Syntactical only deviate from them. II: I do not claim that I dismissed to say, or terminated the controversy of the issues that were discussed, but I claim that I explained the difference, and show the truth, and investigated many of the accountability of the proportion of words to the Syntactical, and suggested in some of the issues, and stopped in other matters, based on the descriptive approach analysis of those issues, while not neglecting the historical sequence starting from the early Syntactical, through Hebron, and obscurities and Alokhvc, and Alexaii, fur, coolant, and Fox, to the later scholars such as Ibn Malik, and Ibn Hisham, Suyuti. The research was divided in three sections preceded by an introduction and preface, followed by a conclusion. In the introduction the importance of the topic and offered reasons for his choice and the methodology of the study and the division of the subject. Presented in the preface to the definition of a summary of the file and writing the full subject curriculum writers, novel, and books that explained and leech it, were outlined in the preface to say because I saw that there were studies discussed the partial and can be referenced. And divided it into three sections: Section I: She studied in matters of dispute as in the door of compassion. The second topic: the difference in the issues examined in the door as add-on. The third topic: I studied in matters of dispute letters. And Section IV: examined the differences in matters as disparate. After this is the widow’s mite, the I was Fbtoviq of God Almighty, but not the other it myself Suffice it that I made in my power, I ask God that this work is in the balance of Hassanati the Day of Resurrection, and to decree pay me, and those who taught me, or advised, or take my hand, and pray God’s blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and a prayer to thank God.
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