| المستخلص: |
The present study aims to trace historically and examine the Egyptian medical activities in Hijaz during the reign of King Abdul Aziz, as manifested in medical clinics and medical missions during the Hajj seasons and the role of Egypt in managing the Tur Quarry in those seasons. The researcher used the historical inductive method to study and examine about fifty Egyptian documents, including correspondences between the Egyptian Royal Commission in Jeddah and the Egyptian medical bodies working in Hijaz with the concerned Egyptian ministries, such as Awqaf, Health and Foreign Affairs, in addition to two contemporary Saudi newspapers. The researcher divided the study into four sections: The first section dealt with the Egyptian medical institutions that were operating in Hijaz, showing five Egyptian medical institutions in Hijaz during the reign of King Abdul Aziz: three medical clinics that were located in Makkah and Madinah (operated by the Egyptian Sufis) and the third was in Jeddah (operated by The Egyptian Royal Commission), in addition to the Egyptian medical missions during the Hajj seasons, and the Tur Quarry. The second section dealt with medical services for treating Egyptians and other patients, which were provided by the three clinics along with the Egyptian medical missions during the Hajj and Al-Tur seasons, such as: first aid, dispensing medicines to the patients, simple and uncomplicated surgical procedures, and exceptional efforts at the time of epidemics. The third section was devoted to reporting the Saudi reaction on the Egyptian medical activities in Hijaz and the positive attitudes of King Abdul Aziz in supporting the clinics, and welcoming the work of the medical teams accompanying the pilgrimage. As for the Tur Quarry, the Saudi administration considered it an interference in the internal affairs of the state. In the fourth section, the researcher dealt with the obstacles of the Egyptian medical activity in Hijaz, such as the quarrels between the staff in the clinics, the lack of coordination with the Egyptian Commission, and the failure to meet most of the pilgrims’ needs during the pilgrimage season, in addition to the Egyptian political attitude towards the young Saudi State. The researcher concluded by stating the importance of his research and recommending future research to study other topics related to Hijaz through Egyptian documents.
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