| المستخلص: |
The culture of Islam is of great importance to the people of sub-Saharan Africa. They gave it great care in terms of knowledge and contributed to enriching and spreading it in various places where they settled. It was this culture which associated emotionally with those people and made them distinctive from other peoples. The most important cultural tributary known to the desert areas in the south and the Mauritanian coast after the Islamic conquest is the cultural source what was associated with the Almoravid campaigns towards the south, by the judge of Askar al-Murabitin in the south of the desert: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Hadrami al-Muradi (d: 489 AH / 1096), as he was the pioneer in introducing the science of belief (Aqeeda) to the south of the Sahara from the Far Maghreb. Among the tributaries of Islamic culture, in Mauritania and sub-Saharan Africa, are the Andalusian tributaries, where similarities exist in the scientific materials and the way in which science and knowledge were received and taught, in the manner that was prevailing in Andalusia. The Maghreb tributaries also left a significant impact on the character of Islamic culture in the field of behavior and belief. In Mauritania and in the south of the Sahara, there were centers of Islamic culture. The Shanqeeti tribes and were not only consumers and importers of Islamic culture, but also they contributed greatly to the process of re-reading and re-writing it in accordance with the scientific taste of the Shanqeeties. In the early of the 11th Hijri century (17th AD), some of cities were prominent in this field, some of which still offer scientific and cultural support until now, the most famous of these cities are Walata, Shanqiti, Tishit and Wadan. The sources of Islamic culture in the south and the Mauritanian desert coast have diversified from the richness and diversities of Islamic knowledge in the region, from the books of belief, interpretation, the sciences of the Qur’an, Hadith, and Maliki jurisprudence, and many sources and references in other fields. Islamic culture in Mauritania and sub-Saharan Africa reached its climax of knowledge in the 13th Hijri (19th) century. The Mauritanian manuscripts and works show us the prominence that its people reached in mastering of Islamic sciences and literature
|
