المستخلص: |
In the past few decades, art historians realized the significance of the ‗woman question‘ as an analytical instrument for the study of art history. This avenue of research helped in reconstructing the histories of Late Antique women, which have been submerged in the writings of contemporary authors deliberately or as a matter of course. Through this approach, this paper investigates the representations of ordinary (non-aristocratic) women on Coptic artefacts. It aims to explore how far these representations convey the adherence of women to the patriarchal norms of modesty in Late Antique Egypt. The study reveals the role of the newly risen social power, namely church, in shaping the social definition of women‘s modesty in Late Antiquity, and how women reacted to the ideal standards promoted by Clergymen. Two principle features of modesty can be deduced from these representations: covering the body and denouncing self-adornment. Though these measures were exported to society with a Christian flavour, they had their roots in pre-Christian cultures, most prominently Roman culture. They are influenced by the teachings of ancient philosophical schools like Stoicism and Pythagoreanism.
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