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The study examined and analyzed the life of Mustafa Ahmed bin Halim and his political role in Libya from 1921 to 1957. The latter had an active role in the history of Libya, hence the importance of the subject. The latter took over the Libyan government during a period of political developments both internally and externally. That the son of Halim set the course of his political government from the outset, and focused his efforts on strengthening relations with the United States of America; especially that the latter had an air base in Tripoli and did not wish to miss the opportunity for Libya to provide economic aid to promote its economic reality deteriorating, especially that Libya is a modem state independence, so his foreign policy can be described as "Realism." Moreover, Ibn Halim himself was very surprised and query for many, he took leadership positions in Libya in a remarkable and rapid manner from 1950 to 1954 when he headed the Libyan government, and despite his continued rule for two and a half years from April 1954 until May 1957, he was not loved in his country, and to this day, Ibn Halim is still a source of scorn and condemnation. The letter was divided into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion that included the main results. The first chapter deals with the life of Mustafa Ahmed bin Halim, his birth, his originate and his political composition, as well as the commercial and political activities of his family which was forced to immigrate to Egypt after the Italian occupation of Libya, and his handling the problems suffered by Libya after independence. The son of Halim was the great credit in the enactment of the Oil Law and the impact of the latter on Libya's economic future. The second chapter focused on Libya's relations with foreign countries, which had military bases in Libya such as Britain, the United States of America and France, as well as the efforts of the government of Ibn Halim to solve outstanding problems with Italy and the Soviet Union. The third chapter highlighted on the positions of the government of Ibn Halim from Arab issues, including the Palestinian and Algerian issues, as well as the position of his government from the crisis of the Suez Canal and the Triple Aggression on Egypt. The chapter also discussed the position of the government of Ibn Halim of the Baghdad Alliance, and the composition of North Africa Alliance.
The most important results of the research are that the son of Halim was not loved in Libya and that his stay in power for more than two years was supported by the king of Driss Senussi, who recognized in Ibn halim an intelligence and ability to shuffle so that he can benefit from the survival of foreign presence in Libya. Ibn halim tried desperately to win the Libyan people's respect by approaching Egypt, Libya's neighbor, but the people would not forget the pipe theft scandal attributed to Ibn Halim, although the commission of inquiry established for this purpose cleared him over it the latter of them. Moreover, the policy of rapprochement with the United States of America was not to satisfy the Libyan people who sole concern was to obtain full and unconditional independence However, Ibn Halims alliance with the West can be justified: for libya after independence was in need of material aid that was not available to them only by Western countries, especially the United States of America, therefore Ibn Halim used the latter’s this need as apretex for US Wheelus Air Base in Tripoli, To obtain the largest amount of money as a rent for base and for his desire to strengthen the independence of Libya; During his stay at the head of the ministry he was keen to strengthen Libya's relations with the United States of America, and he succeeded in liberating the southern Libyan from the French presence, which withdrew from Libya after the signing of an agreement between the parties in August 1955. As for the relations between Libya and the Arab countries, it became clear through the research that Libya did not have a fixed foreign policy towards the Arab countries because of the restrictions imposed on Libya by the Western countries. However, the circumstances of the stage forced Ibn Halim to follow a policy similar to that of the Arab countries; the most prominent example of this is his stand alongside the Algerian revolution. Nevertheless, his steadfast position on the revolution cannot be denied but he has helped the Algerian revolutionaries in secret, despite his knowledge that this act could jeopardize the independence of Libya.
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