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|f Women's empowerment is one of the social, political, and intellectual issues that will be resolved only in the context of the social transformations associated with economic transformation in a political climate in which full equality prevails between the components of society (men and women), and the strengthening of the human rights system as enshrined in international instruments, and social justice. This research is particularly important because women constitute half of society. There can be no economic or social development in the Arab countries without human development, which is the focus and objective of comprehensive development. Human development is linked to the male and female population; the latter accounts for more than half of the population of the Arab world. Thus, women have an active and fundamental role in the development process. Society cannot evolve while its half is underdeveloped, since achieving gender equality is an essential pillar of the human development process. The Human Development Reports have concluded that the role of women in Arab countries is the result of the interaction of many cultural, social, economic, and political factors that overlap in a complex manner. This requires broad and in-depth analysis of many components of Arab societies to diagnose the situation of the Arab woman. The research aims to know the reality of women in Iraq and the most important challenges they face through the study of four themes: the women's job and their participation in the labor market, the political role of women, as well as the study of reproductive and reproductive health levels of women, and the knowledge of economic, social and cultural factors and determinants that have a direct impact on the different realities of women in Iraq.\nThe study relied on sources and statistics issued by the United Nations and scientific studies and research conducted by official institutions in the Arab States and official statements issued by the competent departments in Iraq. The research shows that Iraqi women are still less empowered than women in the rest of the world in the areas of the economy, education, politics, and health. Women's development should, therefore, be given utmost importance, and the obstacles and difficulties that the women face in their employment must be overcome.\nWomen's empowerment is one of the social, political, and intellectual issues that will be resolved only in the context of the social transformations associated with economic transformation in a political climate in which full equality prevails between the components of society (men and women), and the strengthening of the human rights system as enshrined in international instruments, and social justice. This research is particularly important because women constitute half of society. There can be no economic or social development in the Arab countries without human development, which is the focus and objective of comprehensive development. Human development is linked to the male and female population; the latter accounts for more than half of the population of the Arab world. Thus, women have an active and fundamental role in the development process. Society cannot evolve while its half is underdeveloped, since achieving gender equality is an essential pillar of the human development process. The Human Development Reports have concluded that the role of women in Arab countries is the result of the interaction of many cultural, social, economic, and political factors that overlap in a complex manner. This requires broad and in-depth analysis of many components of Arab societies to diagnose the situation of the Arab woman. The research aims to know the reality of women in Iraq and the most important challenges they face through the study of four themes: the women's job and their participation in the labor market, the political role of women, as well as the study of reproductive and reproductive health levels of women, and the knowledge of economic, social and cultural factors and determinants that have a direct impact on the different realities of women in Iraq.\nThe study relied on sources and statistics issued by the United Nations and scientific studies and research conducted by official institutions in the Arab States and official statements issued by the competent departments in Iraq. The research shows that Iraqi women are still less empowered than women in the rest of the world in the areas of the economy, education, politics, and health. Women's development should, therefore, be given utmost importance, and the obstacles and difficulties that the women face in their employment must be overcome.\nThis abstract translated by Dar AlMandumah Inc. 2018
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