| المستخلص: |
The study manifested that the Suez Canal is considered one of the most important sea waterways in the world as 10% of world trade and 22% of world container trade pass across the Suez Canal. The study also reviewed the evolution of total revenues of the Suez Canal between 2007 and 2017. The study founded that there is a slight increase in the total revenues of the Suez Canal during 2017 which reached 5.1 billion dollars compared to about 5 billion dollars in 2016. The study showed that the estimates suggest that there is an expected increase in revenues to reach 13.226 billion dollars annually in the year 2023 compared to the current revenue in 2014 that reached 5.3 billion dollars, the matter which leads to a direct positive reflection on the Egyptian national income from the foreign currency, and increase of employment opportunities for the people of the cities of Canal and Sinai and neighboring governorates with the creation of new urban communities as well as huge investments in several and various commercial, industrial and agricultural projects in addition to different ports and services. The study examined the most important characteristics of the Suez Canal in Egypt. The study also reviewed the advantages of Suez Canal region in terms of the genius exceptional location and economic value of the site as well as the possibility of attracting investments and working as a center for transit trade. The study clarified the most important threats encountered by Suez Canal and the role of new Suez Canal in eliminating such threats. The study also reviewed the general strategy to enhance the competitiveness of sea ports. Regarding the new Suez Canal, the researcher explained the objectives of this new project in terms of its contribution to increasing the Egyptian National Income and providing about million job opportunities. The study also showed that the new Suez Canal contributes to maximizing the channel's competitive capabilities of the canal and its distinction from similar canals. The new canal also contributes to achieving the greatest percentage of duplication in the Suez Canal and increasing it by 50% in the length of the waterway and reducing the transit time as well as the waiting period. The project also makes the establishment of new canals in the region to be alternative to the Suez Canal a very difficult issue and reduces the chances of its success. The study showed that the new Suez Canal project is a small part of a huge project known as the Suez Canal Corridor Area Project as Egypt is waiting from the new Suez Canal and the Suez Canal Corridor Area Project to generate billions of dollars in annual national income, in addition to thousands of direct and indirect jobs. So, these two projects represent a major quantum leap and an important factor to achieve an economic boom and comprehensive development of all governorates of Egypt, especially the governorates of the territory: Ismailia, Port Said, Suez, North and South Sinai as the project of developing the Suez canal corridor area will be started through three major centers of development, the first is developing Port Said with the region of Northern Port Said, second is developing Ismailia and Al Amal district with the Valley of Technology and New Ismailia, the third center is development of the Suez Gulf with Sokhna port and airport. The study also indicated that the new Suez Canal project and the Suez Canal Corridor Area Project represent a good opportunity to restore the Suez Canal’ position as an international maritime corridor and provide maritime transport services. The industry is expected to contribute with about 40% in the annual income of the project i.e. nearly 40 billion dollars a year. As for the drilling and depth increasing project, the government expects to raise the canal's revenues to $13 billion per year over the long term.
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