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يحظى شاعر الإسلام إقبال بمكانة كبيرة في قلب وعقل كل عربي ومسلم، لما قدمه من خدمة جليلة في الارتقاء بالأدب الإسلامي إلى مكانة رفيعة بين آداب الأمم، وما زرعه في النفوس من أمل وهمة وتعظيم للحياة وللإنسان والحياة الإنسانية بشكل عام، ولمكانته كشاعر له عقيدة ودعوة ورسالة، ولما تركه من آثار مضرجة بدماء قلبه ويضوع منها عطر وجدانه وروحه. وسوف أشير في هذا البحث إلى بعض الحقائق التاريخية التي وردت في شعر إقبال، وأحاول أن نستوعب تلك الأفكار والآراء التي قدمها، موضحة خلفياتها التاريخية والأجواء التي أنشدت فيها، والظروف التي دفعت إليها. مع الحرص على تقصي أهمها وأكثرها انتشارا في شعره، كنموذج لاهتمامه بالتاريخ والقضايا التاريخية بشكل عام وارتباطها بتاريخ الأمة العربية والإسلامية بشكل خاص. ولو أردنا استيفاء تلك المضامين التاريخية وخلفياتها وظروف نشأتها، لأحتاج الأمر منا سعة في الوقت والجهد لإعطاء صورة واضحة عن هذا الجانب التاريخي المهم في فلسفة إقبال وشعره وسوف يتضح لنا من خلال التطواف لبعض نصوص "محمد إقبال" المترجمة شعرا ونثرا، القيمة التاريخية التي عكست موسوعية الشاعر والفيلسوف، واهتمامه الكبير بقضايا أمته التي ينتمي إليها وتغنيه بأمجاد العرب والمسلمين والدعوة لإحيائها، وتأكيده على أن العقل العربي هو الأقدر على فهم الإسلام فهما صحيحا، والأجدر على حمل أمانته. وقد عني الشاعر عناية عظيمة بالغوص في بحر القرآن وتدبر معانيه، وهو الأمر الذي انتفع به الشاعر انتفاعا عظيما عصمه من التيه الفكري والهيام الأدبي المتمحور حول الذات وحب الملذات، كما هو حال الكثيرين من أدباء وشعراء الأمة. كما حماه هذا التدبر أيضا من الانجراف مع التيار العقلي الأوربي الذي كان سائدا في عصره، والذي يأخذ المرء بعيدا عن المعاني الروحية والمبادئ الخلقية، ولذا نراه يشتد في نقد الحضارة الغربية المادية ويرى في الإسلام وحضارته السعادة الحقيقية.
The Muslim poet Iqbal has a great place in the heart and mind of every Arab and Muslim, for his great services in elevating Islamic literature to a high position among the etiquette of the nations, and for spreading hope, inspiration and the appreciation of life, human and humanity in general, and for his position as a poet with a doctrine and a message, and for his great effects in poetry, literature, philosophy and history. In this research, I referred to some historical facts in Iqbal's poetry. I tried to understand these ideas and insights, explaining their historical backgrounds, the atmosphere in which they were brought up, and the circumstances that led them to happen. With carefully trying to focus on the most important and most widespread in his poetry, as a model of his interest in history and historical issues in general and its association with the history of the Arab and Islamic nations in particular. It is clear to us through the cruise of some of the translated poetry and prose of "Muhammad Iqbal", the historical value that reflected the Encyclopedic poet and philosopher, and his great interest in the issues of his nation to which he belongs and to enrich the glories of Arabs and Muslims and call to revive it, and his assertion that the Arab mind is the best to understand Islam correctly, And the most qualified to carry its legacy. The poet has devoted great attention to diving in Qur'an and its meanings. This is what the poet has benefited greatly from and prevented him from an intellectual loss and literary delights centered on self and love of pleasures, as it is with many writers and poets of the nation. It also protected him from drifting with the European mentality that prevailed in his time, which takes one away from the spiritual meanings and moral principles, and therefore we see him strongly criticized material Western civilization and find in Islam and its civilization real happiness. The Muslim audience have learned the obvious difference between European and American civilization, which is devoid of any sense of faith or spirit, and the Muslim civilization that brought together religion and Politics, and between the spiritual aspect that man needs every day, and the material aspect that the earth needs in order to be reconstructed which was referred to by the Koran. Muhammad Iqbal was proud in many of his poetry of the glories of the Arabs and bewail them at the same time. An example of his sorrow was when he visited Cordoba and stood in front of the mosque he did not find the Muslims, instead he found the mosque turned into bars of wine. He remembered the lost paradise (Andalusia) and the prayers of Tariq and the nostalgia left in the heart and soul of the poet for those glorious and old days. At the end of the research, I mentioned that the literature of Muhammad Iqbal - may God have mercy on him - is one of the bases formed on the foundations of Islamic literature, and contained in its content the natural sciences and human experiences, which moved him from the local framework to the international, which is a property that influenced his ideas and poetry.
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